F values from three-way ANOVAs performed separately on each angular kinematic variable
| . | C. calyptratus + D. dorsalis . | . | . | C. calyptratus only . | . | . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variable . | Species d.f.=1,6 . | Incline d.f.=2,12 . | Species×Incline d.f.=2,12 . | Incline d.f.=2,6 . | Surface d.f.=1,3 . | Incline×Surface d.f.=2,6 . | ||||
| Knee (ff) | 90.2*** | 3.7 | 3.4 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 3.2 | ||||
| Knee (es) | 41.2*** | 7.5** | 3.2 | 4.0 | 7.5 | 6.2* | ||||
| Ankle (ff) | 218.2*** | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 12.6* | 0.2 | ||||
| Ankle (es) | 9.1* | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 5.9 | 1.8 | ||||
| Toe orientation (ff) | 17.4** | 2.3 | 0.2 | |||||||
| Pelvic rotation | 21.0** | 1.8 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.0 | ||||
| Max. femur retraction | 0 | 6.4* | 3.7 | 3.5 | 9.9 | 4.5 | ||||
| Min. femur retraction | 3.2 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 6.2* | 8.6 | 0.7 | ||||
| Retraction excursion | 2.9 | 2.9 | 5.4* | 2.1 | 11.7* | 9.0* | ||||
| Max. femur depression | 2.9 | 17.5*** | 2.1 | 11.7** | 6.1 | 2.2 | ||||
| Min. femur depression | 316.1*** | 7.2** | 8.1** | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.5 | ||||
| Depression excursion | 16.9** | 2.8 | 3.4 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 1.9 | ||||
| Max. femur rotation | 10.4* | 12.1** | 3.0 | 2.0 | 0.3 | 1.0 | ||||
| Min. femur rotation | 78.3*** | 7.3** | 2.1 | 5.7* | 76.5** | 0.9 | ||||
| Rotation excursion | 8.1* | 21.1*** | 6.7* | 1.1 | 9.8 | 2.3 | ||||
| . | C. calyptratus + D. dorsalis . | . | . | C. calyptratus only . | . | . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variable . | Species d.f.=1,6 . | Incline d.f.=2,12 . | Species×Incline d.f.=2,12 . | Incline d.f.=2,6 . | Surface d.f.=1,3 . | Incline×Surface d.f.=2,6 . | ||||
| Knee (ff) | 90.2*** | 3.7 | 3.4 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 3.2 | ||||
| Knee (es) | 41.2*** | 7.5** | 3.2 | 4.0 | 7.5 | 6.2* | ||||
| Ankle (ff) | 218.2*** | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 12.6* | 0.2 | ||||
| Ankle (es) | 9.1* | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 5.9 | 1.8 | ||||
| Toe orientation (ff) | 17.4** | 2.3 | 0.2 | |||||||
| Pelvic rotation | 21.0** | 1.8 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.0 | ||||
| Max. femur retraction | 0 | 6.4* | 3.7 | 3.5 | 9.9 | 4.5 | ||||
| Min. femur retraction | 3.2 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 6.2* | 8.6 | 0.7 | ||||
| Retraction excursion | 2.9 | 2.9 | 5.4* | 2.1 | 11.7* | 9.0* | ||||
| Max. femur depression | 2.9 | 17.5*** | 2.1 | 11.7** | 6.1 | 2.2 | ||||
| Min. femur depression | 316.1*** | 7.2** | 8.1** | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.5 | ||||
| Depression excursion | 16.9** | 2.8 | 3.4 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 1.9 | ||||
| Max. femur rotation | 10.4* | 12.1** | 3.0 | 2.0 | 0.3 | 1.0 | ||||
| Min. femur rotation | 78.3*** | 7.3** | 2.1 | 5.7* | 76.5** | 0.9 | ||||
| Rotation excursion | 8.1* | 21.1*** | 6.7* | 1.1 | 9.8 | 2.3 | ||||
*P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.
Main effects and interaction terms are listed above each column.
d.f., degrees of freedom; ff, footfall; es, end stance; Max, maximum; Min,minimum.