. | 0-25 cm* . | . | Visual scan . | . | Enter shelter . | . | Duration in shelter (s) . | . | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | Treatment . | Control . | Treatment . | Control . | Treatment . | Control . | Treatment . | Control . | ||||
Trial 3 | ||||||||||||
Baseline | 0.5±5.0a | 0.2±0.1 | 0±0a | 0.2±0.2 | 0±0a | 0±0 | 0±0a | 0±0 | ||||
Alanine (A) | 8.8±3.4b | 1.3±0.6† | 12.7±5.8b | 1.0±0.6† | 4.8±2.4a | 0±0 | 158±79b | 0±0† | ||||
Glycine (G) | 10.5±3.1b | 0.5±0.2† | 10.8±3.7b | 0.2±0.2† | 0.5±0.5a | 0±0 | 3±3a | 0±0 | ||||
Proline (P) | 4.5±1.8b | 0.3±0.3† | 3.8±1.8b | 0±0† | 0.2±0.2a | 0±0 | 1±1a | 0±0 | ||||
AG | 5.5±3.3b | 2.5±1.0 | 4.0±3.0b | 1.3±0.5† | 0.3±0.3a | 0±0 | 6±6a | 0±0 | ||||
PAG | 7.9±1.8b | 1.0±0.7† | 7.4±1.9b | 0.6±0.4† | 1.4±1.3a | 0±0 | 6±5a,b | 4±4 |
. | 0-25 cm* . | . | Visual scan . | . | Enter shelter . | . | Duration in shelter (s) . | . | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | Treatment . | Control . | Treatment . | Control . | Treatment . | Control . | Treatment . | Control . | ||||
Trial 3 | ||||||||||||
Baseline | 0.5±5.0a | 0.2±0.1 | 0±0a | 0.2±0.2 | 0±0a | 0±0 | 0±0a | 0±0 | ||||
Alanine (A) | 8.8±3.4b | 1.3±0.6† | 12.7±5.8b | 1.0±0.6† | 4.8±2.4a | 0±0 | 158±79b | 0±0† | ||||
Glycine (G) | 10.5±3.1b | 0.5±0.2† | 10.8±3.7b | 0.2±0.2† | 0.5±0.5a | 0±0 | 3±3a | 0±0 | ||||
Proline (P) | 4.5±1.8b | 0.3±0.3† | 3.8±1.8b | 0±0† | 0.2±0.2a | 0±0 | 1±1a | 0±0 | ||||
AG | 5.5±3.3b | 2.5±1.0 | 4.0±3.0b | 1.3±0.5† | 0.3±0.3a | 0±0 | 6±6a | 0±0 | ||||
PAG | 7.9±1.8b | 1.0±0.7† | 7.4±1.9b | 0.6±0.4† | 1.4±1.3a | 0±0 | 6±5a,b | 4±4 |
Amino acid treatments included 2.5 μmol N 1−1l-alanine (A), l-glycine (G) and l-proline(P), with a 1:1 AG mix and a 1:1:1 PAG mixture. Behavioral categories include distance (*) gray snapper passed from experimental shelters delivering odorants; visual scan refers to when fish ceased locomotion for>1 cycle of pectoral fin sweeps and visually scan the internal shelter chamber. The duration of each odorant challenge was 60 min.
The baseline is a control for pump noise prior to odorant delivery; the control columns represent simultaneous seawater delivery during odorant challenges.
Values are presented as means ± s.e.m.; †significant differences between treatments and controls;significant differences among treatments groups are indicated by different lower case letters.