Examples of the alternate reaction in selected animals across taxonomic groups
| Species . | Behaviour . | Heart rate . | Ventilation . | Reference . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White-tailed deer fawn (Odocoileus virtinianus) | `Freezing' | Decreased by 60±1.4% for 23±1.8 s | Stopped in 72% of trials | Jacobsen, 1979 |
| White Carneaux pigeon (Columba livia) | Not reported | Decreased by 6% for 4 s | Not reported | Cohen and MacDonald, 1971 |
| American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) | `Freezing' | Decreased by at least 84% for up to 15 min | Stopped | Smith et al., 1974 |
| Anuran amphibian (Rana pipiens) | `Freezing' | Heart missed a beat | Not reported | Laming and Austin, 1981 |
| Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) | `Freezing' | Arrhythmia for 10-75 s with arrest for 13.8-18.5 s | Stopped | Barham et al., 1985 |
| Hermit crab (Dardanus arrosor) | `Alert pattern' | Cardiac arrest for 1-10 s | Paused scaphognathite irrigation | Cuadras, 1980 |
| Common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) | Deimatic Display | Arrhythmia for approximately 30 s | Not reported | Wells et al., 1987 |
| Common European cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) | Deimatic Display | No change | Stopped or slowed for 1-6 s | Chichery, 1980 |
| Species . | Behaviour . | Heart rate . | Ventilation . | Reference . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White-tailed deer fawn (Odocoileus virtinianus) | `Freezing' | Decreased by 60±1.4% for 23±1.8 s | Stopped in 72% of trials | Jacobsen, 1979 |
| White Carneaux pigeon (Columba livia) | Not reported | Decreased by 6% for 4 s | Not reported | Cohen and MacDonald, 1971 |
| American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) | `Freezing' | Decreased by at least 84% for up to 15 min | Stopped | Smith et al., 1974 |
| Anuran amphibian (Rana pipiens) | `Freezing' | Heart missed a beat | Not reported | Laming and Austin, 1981 |
| Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) | `Freezing' | Arrhythmia for 10-75 s with arrest for 13.8-18.5 s | Stopped | Barham et al., 1985 |
| Hermit crab (Dardanus arrosor) | `Alert pattern' | Cardiac arrest for 1-10 s | Paused scaphognathite irrigation | Cuadras, 1980 |
| Common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) | Deimatic Display | Arrhythmia for approximately 30 s | Not reported | Wells et al., 1987 |
| Common European cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) | Deimatic Display | No change | Stopped or slowed for 1-6 s | Chichery, 1980 |