Animals were shifted from 15°C to 25°C as L1 larvae. Hermaphrodite gonads and hence germline proliferation were scored as normal (blue) if the distal tips had reflexed and extended beyond the spermatheca; many of the mutant gonads within this category were smaller than the wildtype controls. Gonads were scored as intermediate (green) if the gonadal arms extend and reflex but the distal tip do not extend beyond the spermatheca and severely affected (red) if they were either amorphous masses or small and linear. For gonad size measurements n=16-90. The in utero embryos from these hermaphrodites were scored as in Table 2 (MEOC, meiotic one-cell embryos; MC, multicellular embryo). Hermaphrodite vulvas were scored as wild type (blue) or everted (red);n=34-97. Male tails were scored as wild type (blue); as having some missing or fused rays (green); or possessing no or only a few rays (red). Males with severely affected tails frequently had abnormal spicules. For male tails, n=20-61.

Embryos were present only within animals with full-sized gonads.