Comparing efficiencies between reprogramming cells to pluripotency and lineage conversion
| Starting cell type(s) . | Product cell type . | Treatment . | Efficiency . | References . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blastomere (2-cell) | ES cell | Explantation | 50-69% | Wakayama et al., 2007 |
| Blastomere (4-cell) | ES cell | Explantation | 22-40% | Wakayama et al., 2007 |
| Blastomere (8-cell) | ES cell | Explantation | 10-16% | Wakayama et al., 2007; Chung et al., 2006 |
| ICM cell | ES cell | Explantation | 12% | Brook and Gardner, 1997 |
| PGC | EG cell | Explantation | 1-3% | Durcova-Hills et al., 2006 |
| GS cell | mGS cell | Explantation | 0.001% | Kanatsu-Shinohara et al., 2004 |
| ES/NSC | Hybrid cell | Fusion | <0.0006% | Silva et al., 2006 |
| ES/NSC (+Nanog) | Hybrid cell | Fusion | 3-4% | Silva et al., 2006 |
| ES/ES | Hybrid cell | Fusion | 3-4% | Silva et al., 2006 |
| Somatic cell* | iPS cell | Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, cMyc | 3-5% | Hanna et al., 2008; Wernig et al., 2008; Maherali et al., 2008; Hockemeyer et al., 2008 |
| Pro-B cells | Macrophages | Cebpα | 65% | Xie et al., 2004 |
| Mature B cells | Macrophages | Cebpα | 35% | Xie et al., 2004 |
| Pre-T cells | Macrophages | Cebpα | 60% | Laiosa et al., 2006 |
| Fibroblasts | Myogenic cell | Myod | 25-50% | Davis et al., 1987 |
| Acinar cell | β cells | Pdx1, Ngn3, Mafa | 20% | Zhou et al., 2008 |
| Starting cell type(s) . | Product cell type . | Treatment . | Efficiency . | References . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blastomere (2-cell) | ES cell | Explantation | 50-69% | Wakayama et al., 2007 |
| Blastomere (4-cell) | ES cell | Explantation | 22-40% | Wakayama et al., 2007 |
| Blastomere (8-cell) | ES cell | Explantation | 10-16% | Wakayama et al., 2007; Chung et al., 2006 |
| ICM cell | ES cell | Explantation | 12% | Brook and Gardner, 1997 |
| PGC | EG cell | Explantation | 1-3% | Durcova-Hills et al., 2006 |
| GS cell | mGS cell | Explantation | 0.001% | Kanatsu-Shinohara et al., 2004 |
| ES/NSC | Hybrid cell | Fusion | <0.0006% | Silva et al., 2006 |
| ES/NSC (+Nanog) | Hybrid cell | Fusion | 3-4% | Silva et al., 2006 |
| ES/ES | Hybrid cell | Fusion | 3-4% | Silva et al., 2006 |
| Somatic cell* | iPS cell | Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, cMyc | 3-5% | Hanna et al., 2008; Wernig et al., 2008; Maherali et al., 2008; Hockemeyer et al., 2008 |
| Pro-B cells | Macrophages | Cebpα | 65% | Xie et al., 2004 |
| Mature B cells | Macrophages | Cebpα | 35% | Xie et al., 2004 |
| Pre-T cells | Macrophages | Cebpα | 60% | Laiosa et al., 2006 |
| Fibroblasts | Myogenic cell | Myod | 25-50% | Davis et al., 1987 |
| Acinar cell | β cells | Pdx1, Ngn3, Mafa | 20% | Zhou et al., 2008 |
ICM, inner cell mass; PGC, primordial germ cell; GS cell, germline stem cell; ES cell, embronic stem cell; NSC, neural stem cell; EG cell, embryonic germ cell; mGS, multipotent germline stem cell.
Secondary cells. Differentiated cells derived from iPS cells carrying the four viral transgenes under the control of a doxycycline promoter.