Features of viscous threads and the conditions under which they were measured
| . | . | . | . | Primary droplets . | . | Secondary droplets . | . | . | . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species . | N . | Spider mass (mg) . | Primary droplets per mm . | Length (μm) . | Width (μm) . | Length (μm) . | Width (μm) . | Temperature (°C) . | Relative humidity . | ||
| Argiope aurantia | 5 | 841.9±138.7 | 3.5±0.4 | 62.7±3.2 | 40.2±6.3 | 20.9±2.3 | 10.2±1.3 | 23.7±0.1 | 48.6±0.3 | ||
| Araneus marmoreus | 10 | 498.5±74.2 | 3.7±0.3 | 67.1±4.5 | 50.2±3.6 | 26.4±2.5 (7) | 15.9±1.7 (7) | 24.1±0.4 | 51.5±2.1 | ||
| Argiope trifasciata | 11 | 510.8±82.0 | 6.1±0.6 | 41.5±2.5 | 25.1±1.8 | 22.5±2.0 | 10.8±0.9 | 22.5±0.2 | 39.1±3.4 | ||
| Araneus bicentenarius | 6 | 407.0±67.6 | 6.2±1.7 | 50.5±5.1 | 41.5±4.7 | 21.5±3.4 | 13.4±2.4 | 24.0±0.0 | 48.5±0.5 | ||
| Larinioides cornutus | 4 | 265.9±27.2 | 6.2±1.4 | 41.6±6.4 | 30.6±4.9 | 33.1±8.4 | 22.8±6.5 | 23.5±0.5 | 54.6±0.8 | ||
| Verrucosa arenata | 5 | 74.3±12.2 | 7.4±0.8 | 27.9±1.0 | 22.5±0.9 | 9.7±1.7 (4) | 6.3±1.5 (4) | 23.6±0.2 | 52.0±0.9 | ||
| Araneus pegnia | 9 | 65.7±7.1 (8) | 8.6±0.7 | 38.6±3.6 | 28.3±2.4 | 16.2±5.7 (3) | 10.0±4.0 (3) | 23.3±0.2 | 53.8±0.4 | ||
| Micrathena gracilis | 5 | 73.4±9.5 | 9.9±1.9 | 30.2±2.2 | 23.5±1.8 | 14.3±1.5 (4) | 8.2±1.0 (4) | 23.6±0.2 | 51.6±1.2 | ||
| Theridiosoma gemmosum | 5 | 2.8±0.2 (4) | 11.0±1.4 | 14.4±3.4 | 11.6±2.1 | 9.2±2.9 | 6.5±2.1 | 24.0±1.5 | 54.9±1.5 | ||
| Micrathena sagittata | 5 | 46.8±5.5 | 11.4±2.0 | 25.9±1.4 | 20.0±1.3 | 10.7±1.8 | 6.5±1.4 | 24.1±0.3 | 51.1±1.2 | ||
| Tetragnatha elongata | 4 | 71.0±17.2 (3) | 13.0±1.4 | 28.2±4.8 | 20.0±3.1 | 10.3±0.6 (3) | 4.9±1.3 (3) | 26.0±0.0 | 54.6±0.1 | ||
| Metepeira labyrinthea | 8 | 10.4±1.0 | 17.5±3.5 | 23.5±1.9 | 16.4±1.4 | 9.3±1.3 | 5.4±1.0 | 23.5±0.2 | 53.1±0.5 | ||
| Meta ovalis | 8 | 19.3±2.2 (7) | 20.6±2.4 | 14.9±0.9 | 11.9±0.9 | 5.2±0.6 | 3.5±0.5 | 23.6±0.2 | 49.6±0.5 | ||
| Leucauge venusta | 10 | 22.0±3.1 | 29.9±2.1 | 13.8±1.2 | 10.0±0.9 | 5.6±0.5 (7) | 3.9±0.4 (7) | 22.6±0.2 | 43.2±1.4 | ||
| Cyclosa turbinata | 9 | 7.2±0.8 (8) | 33.4±6.9 | 13.2±1.0 | 9.8±0.8 | 7.0±0.3 | 4.9±0.2 | 22.6±0.2 | 32.1±5.0 | ||
| Mangora maculata | 6 | 11.2±1.0 | 67.6±9.0 | 4.4±0.3 | 4.5±0.2 | 3.0±0.2 (4) | 3.2±0.2 (4) | 23.6±0.2 | 50.6±0.5 | ||
| . | . | . | . | Primary droplets . | . | Secondary droplets . | . | . | . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species . | N . | Spider mass (mg) . | Primary droplets per mm . | Length (μm) . | Width (μm) . | Length (μm) . | Width (μm) . | Temperature (°C) . | Relative humidity . | ||
| Argiope aurantia | 5 | 841.9±138.7 | 3.5±0.4 | 62.7±3.2 | 40.2±6.3 | 20.9±2.3 | 10.2±1.3 | 23.7±0.1 | 48.6±0.3 | ||
| Araneus marmoreus | 10 | 498.5±74.2 | 3.7±0.3 | 67.1±4.5 | 50.2±3.6 | 26.4±2.5 (7) | 15.9±1.7 (7) | 24.1±0.4 | 51.5±2.1 | ||
| Argiope trifasciata | 11 | 510.8±82.0 | 6.1±0.6 | 41.5±2.5 | 25.1±1.8 | 22.5±2.0 | 10.8±0.9 | 22.5±0.2 | 39.1±3.4 | ||
| Araneus bicentenarius | 6 | 407.0±67.6 | 6.2±1.7 | 50.5±5.1 | 41.5±4.7 | 21.5±3.4 | 13.4±2.4 | 24.0±0.0 | 48.5±0.5 | ||
| Larinioides cornutus | 4 | 265.9±27.2 | 6.2±1.4 | 41.6±6.4 | 30.6±4.9 | 33.1±8.4 | 22.8±6.5 | 23.5±0.5 | 54.6±0.8 | ||
| Verrucosa arenata | 5 | 74.3±12.2 | 7.4±0.8 | 27.9±1.0 | 22.5±0.9 | 9.7±1.7 (4) | 6.3±1.5 (4) | 23.6±0.2 | 52.0±0.9 | ||
| Araneus pegnia | 9 | 65.7±7.1 (8) | 8.6±0.7 | 38.6±3.6 | 28.3±2.4 | 16.2±5.7 (3) | 10.0±4.0 (3) | 23.3±0.2 | 53.8±0.4 | ||
| Micrathena gracilis | 5 | 73.4±9.5 | 9.9±1.9 | 30.2±2.2 | 23.5±1.8 | 14.3±1.5 (4) | 8.2±1.0 (4) | 23.6±0.2 | 51.6±1.2 | ||
| Theridiosoma gemmosum | 5 | 2.8±0.2 (4) | 11.0±1.4 | 14.4±3.4 | 11.6±2.1 | 9.2±2.9 | 6.5±2.1 | 24.0±1.5 | 54.9±1.5 | ||
| Micrathena sagittata | 5 | 46.8±5.5 | 11.4±2.0 | 25.9±1.4 | 20.0±1.3 | 10.7±1.8 | 6.5±1.4 | 24.1±0.3 | 51.1±1.2 | ||
| Tetragnatha elongata | 4 | 71.0±17.2 (3) | 13.0±1.4 | 28.2±4.8 | 20.0±3.1 | 10.3±0.6 (3) | 4.9±1.3 (3) | 26.0±0.0 | 54.6±0.1 | ||
| Metepeira labyrinthea | 8 | 10.4±1.0 | 17.5±3.5 | 23.5±1.9 | 16.4±1.4 | 9.3±1.3 | 5.4±1.0 | 23.5±0.2 | 53.1±0.5 | ||
| Meta ovalis | 8 | 19.3±2.2 (7) | 20.6±2.4 | 14.9±0.9 | 11.9±0.9 | 5.2±0.6 | 3.5±0.5 | 23.6±0.2 | 49.6±0.5 | ||
| Leucauge venusta | 10 | 22.0±3.1 | 29.9±2.1 | 13.8±1.2 | 10.0±0.9 | 5.6±0.5 (7) | 3.9±0.4 (7) | 22.6±0.2 | 43.2±1.4 | ||
| Cyclosa turbinata | 9 | 7.2±0.8 (8) | 33.4±6.9 | 13.2±1.0 | 9.8±0.8 | 7.0±0.3 | 4.9±0.2 | 22.6±0.2 | 32.1±5.0 | ||
| Mangora maculata | 6 | 11.2±1.0 | 67.6±9.0 | 4.4±0.3 | 4.5±0.2 | 3.0±0.2 (4) | 3.2±0.2 (4) | 23.6±0.2 | 50.6±0.5 | ||
Means ± 1 s.e. Numbers in parentheses give the sample size if less than that listed in the second column