Nestling growth in jackdaw chicks from control-injected and androgen-injected eggs
| . | Body mass . | . | . | . | Tarsus length . | . | . | . | Wing length . | . | . | . | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Source . | χ2 . | F . | d.f. . | P . | χ2 . | F . | d.f. . | P . | χ2 . | F . | d.f. . | P . | |||||||||
| Year | 1.48 | 1, 45.1 | 0.23 | 3.2 | 1, 32.5 | 0.082 | 3.40 | 1, 34.8 | 0.074 | ||||||||||||
| Experiment | 0.04 | 1, 89.3 | 0.84* | 0.07 | 1, 33.8 | 0.79* | 0.11 | 1, 29 | 0.74* | ||||||||||||
| Sex | 4.18 | 1, 10.7 | 0.043 | 2.50 | 1, 37.8 | 0.27* | 0.68 | 1, 34.5 | 0.41* | ||||||||||||
| Hatching date | 9.12 | 1, 43.8 | 0.004 | 3.85 | 1, 40.8 | 0.056 | 4.12 | 1, 40.4 | 0.049 | ||||||||||||
| Number of nestlings | 6.15 | 1, 47.4 | 0.016 | 31.6 | 1, 31.6 | 0.021 | 5.57 | 1, 35.3 | 0.024 | ||||||||||||
| Age | 868.15 | 7, 35.8 | <0.0001 | 22.8 | 4, 13.1 | <0.0001 | 225.2 | 4, 14.1 | <0.0001 | ||||||||||||
| Age×year | 7.75 | 7, 35.7 | <0.0001 | 8.26 | 2, 13.7 | 0.0004 | 8.26 | 2, 14.7 | 0.0004 | ||||||||||||
| Foster nest | 3.6 | 1 | 0.058 | 4.5 | 1 | 0.033 | 9.6 | 1 | 0.002 | ||||||||||||
| Genetic parent | 1.3 | 1 | 0.27 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.65 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.37 | ||||||||||||
| . | Body mass . | . | . | . | Tarsus length . | . | . | . | Wing length . | . | . | . | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Source . | χ2 . | F . | d.f. . | P . | χ2 . | F . | d.f. . | P . | χ2 . | F . | d.f. . | P . | |||||||||
| Year | 1.48 | 1, 45.1 | 0.23 | 3.2 | 1, 32.5 | 0.082 | 3.40 | 1, 34.8 | 0.074 | ||||||||||||
| Experiment | 0.04 | 1, 89.3 | 0.84* | 0.07 | 1, 33.8 | 0.79* | 0.11 | 1, 29 | 0.74* | ||||||||||||
| Sex | 4.18 | 1, 10.7 | 0.043 | 2.50 | 1, 37.8 | 0.27* | 0.68 | 1, 34.5 | 0.41* | ||||||||||||
| Hatching date | 9.12 | 1, 43.8 | 0.004 | 3.85 | 1, 40.8 | 0.056 | 4.12 | 1, 40.4 | 0.049 | ||||||||||||
| Number of nestlings | 6.15 | 1, 47.4 | 0.016 | 31.6 | 1, 31.6 | 0.021 | 5.57 | 1, 35.3 | 0.024 | ||||||||||||
| Age | 868.15 | 7, 35.8 | <0.0001 | 22.8 | 4, 13.1 | <0.0001 | 225.2 | 4, 14.1 | <0.0001 | ||||||||||||
| Age×year | 7.75 | 7, 35.7 | <0.0001 | 8.26 | 2, 13.7 | 0.0004 | 8.26 | 2, 14.7 | 0.0004 | ||||||||||||
| Foster nest | 3.6 | 1 | 0.058 | 4.5 | 1 | 0.033 | 9.6 | 1 | 0.002 | ||||||||||||
| Genetic parent | 1.3 | 1 | 0.27 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.65 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.37 | ||||||||||||
Repeated mixed-model analyses of body mass (day 0, 2, 6, 10, 14, 20, 24 and 28), tarsus length (day 10, 14, 20, 24 and 28) and wing length (day 14, 20, 24 and 28). The full model included year, sex and experiment as fixed factors,genetic nest and foster nest as random factors and hatching date, body mass and brood size at hatching and day 14 as covariates. Presented are the reduced models with non-significant effects (P>0.1) backward eliminated from the models. *Results for experiment and sex from full models