The Company of Biologists

Table 3.

Behavior and cost of transport during voluntary exercise over ∼24 h at the two test sites, SNARL (2165 m elevation) and Barcroft (3800 m elevation)

Trait	Mean ± s.e.m. SNARL	Mean ± s.e.m. Barcroft	F mass	P mass	F altitude	P altitude
Least chipmunk
Slope	1091±104	664±159	0.31	0.59	4.62	0.0447
Intercept	68.7±4.2	57.2±6.3	0.31	0.59	2.1	0.16
t_run	197±30.3	185±46.1	3.52	0.076	0.04	0.84
d_run	7.46±1.68	10.1±2.56	1.67	0.21	0.68	0.42
V_mean	2.12±0.14	2.93±0.22	0.37	0.55	8.81	0.00790^*
V_max	5.54±0.26	5.45±0.40	1.3	0.27	0.03	0.86
V_max1	4.12±0.23	4.76±0.35	0.07	0.80	2.1	0.16
V_max2	3.79±0.23	4.62±0.36	0.30	0.59	3.4	0.080
V_max5	3.28±0.27	4.43±0.41	0.23	0.64	5.04	0.0371
N_bout	281±38	220±58	0.46	0.51	0.74	0.40
Bout_mean	42.7±5.4	47.7±8.2	5.32	0.0326	0.24	0.63
Bout_max	431±108	771±164	0.03	0.88	2.7	0.11
Golden-mantled ground squirrel
Slope	592±37	667±35	2.1	0.16	2.0	0.17
Intercept	52.6±2.3	37.6±2.2	0.63	0.44	19.7	0.000149^*
t_run	199±30.3	203±29.1	2.8	0.11	0.009	0.93
d_run	12.7±2.25	13.1±2.17	4.0	0.055	0.009	0.93
V_mean	3.92±0.22	3.36±0.22	6.23	0.0193	2.9	0.098
V_max	8.28±0.38	8.52±0.36	0.07	0.79	0.19	0.67
V_max1	6.57±0.36	6.18±0.35	0.12	0.73	0.57	0.46
V_max2	6.12±0.33	5.69±0.32	0.14	0.71	0.82	0.37
V_max5	5.68±0.35	4.85±0.34	1.1	0.30	2.6	0.12
N_bout	349±49	270±47	2.7	0.11	1.2	0.28
Bout_mean	42.7±4.9	42.8±4.7	0.01	0.91	0	0.99
Bout_max	444±80	347±74	0.38	0.54	0.70	0.41

Trait	Mean ± s.e.m. SNARL	Mean ± s.e.m. Barcroft	F mass	P mass	F altitude	P altitude
Least chipmunk
Slope	1091±104	664±159	0.31	0.59	4.62	0.0447
Intercept	68.7±4.2	57.2±6.3	0.31	0.59	2.1	0.16
t_run	197±30.3	185±46.1	3.52	0.076	0.04	0.84
d_run	7.46±1.68	10.1±2.56	1.67	0.21	0.68	0.42
V_mean	2.12±0.14	2.93±0.22	0.37	0.55	8.81	0.00790^*
V_max	5.54±0.26	5.45±0.40	1.3	0.27	0.03	0.86
V_max1	4.12±0.23	4.76±0.35	0.07	0.80	2.1	0.16
V_max2	3.79±0.23	4.62±0.36	0.30	0.59	3.4	0.080
V_max5	3.28±0.27	4.43±0.41	0.23	0.64	5.04	0.0371
N_bout	281±38	220±58	0.46	0.51	0.74	0.40
Bout_mean	42.7±5.4	47.7±8.2	5.32	0.0326	0.24	0.63
Bout_max	431±108	771±164	0.03	0.88	2.7	0.11
Golden-mantled ground squirrel
Slope	592±37	667±35	2.1	0.16	2.0	0.17
Intercept	52.6±2.3	37.6±2.2	0.63	0.44	19.7	0.000149^*
t_run	199±30.3	203±29.1	2.8	0.11	0.009	0.93
d_run	12.7±2.25	13.1±2.17	4.0	0.055	0.009	0.93
V_mean	3.92±0.22	3.36±0.22	6.23	0.0193	2.9	0.098
V_max	8.28±0.38	8.52±0.36	0.07	0.79	0.19	0.67
V_max1	6.57±0.36	6.18±0.35	0.12	0.73	0.57	0.46
V_max2	6.12±0.33	5.69±0.32	0.14	0.71	0.82	0.37
V_max5	5.68±0.35	4.85±0.34	1.1	0.30	2.6	0.12
N_bout	349±49	270±47	2.7	0.11	1.2	0.28
Bout_mean	42.7±4.9	42.8±4.7	0.01	0.91	0	0.99
Bout_max	444±80	347±74	0.38	0.54	0.70	0.41

ANCOVA with altitude as a fixed effect and body mass as covariate

Symbols and units as in Table 1; sample sizes as in Table 2. P<0.05 are in bold; P values that remained significant after an FDR test are indicated with asterisks (^*)

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