Species means for gait (duty factor and limb phase) and biomechanical(phase shift, percent recovery, and the ratio of potential to kinetic energy)variables
| . | Mechanics . | Duty factor . | Limb phase . | Phase shift . | % R . | PE/KE . | Speed (m s–1) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tracheloptychus petersi | WalkC | 72±1.4 | 43±1.0 | 158±3.6 | 47±3.0 | 1.48 | 0.16 (0.15–0.20) |
| Run1 | 50±4.1 | 57±3.8 | 30±4.9 | 8±3.5 | 0.11 | 0.92 (0.24–1.41) | |
| Varanus exanthematicus | WalkC | 69±1.7 | 40±1.5 | 158±5.0 | 35±5.0 | 1.18 | 0.29 (0.24–0.34) |
| Run1 | 41±0.9 | 50±0.6 | 18±1.3 | 5±0.7 | 0.11 | 1.37 (0.28–2.62) | |
| Ameiva ameiva | WalkB | 53±1.5 | 38±1.4 | 157±5.1 | 44±4.8 | 0.84 | 0.43 (0.29–0.49) |
| Run1 | 50±1.9 | 41±1.1 | 21±3.2 | 9±1.4 | 0.22 | 0.75 (0.41–2.11) | |
| Eublepharis macularius | WalkC | 72±2.1 | 44±1.1 | 151±6.6 | 32±4.3 | 0.98 | 0.24 (0.20–0.27) |
| Run2 | 70±0.7 | 43±1.8 | 8±3.2 | 16±3.9 | 0.97 | 0.29 (0.29–0.32) | |
| Eumeces schneideri | WalkC | 73±1.2 | 50±0.6 | 156±2.4 | 38±4.0 | 1.86 | 0.24 (0.10–0.47) |
| Run2 | 71±3.7 | 50±0.6 | 23±2.1 | 18±4.0 | 0.58 | 0.19 (0.10–0.28) | |
| Tupinambis teguixin | WalkC | 64±1.6 | 46±1.1 | 151±4.4 | 35±7.2 | 0.80 | 0.22 (0.13–0.29) |
| Run2 | 67±1.5 | 49±0.9 | 19±4.7 | 16±5.6 | 1.38 | 0.23 (0.16–0.43) | |
| Acanthodactylus boskianus | WalkA | 53±8.0 | 57±1.0 | 152±17 | 18±0.5 | 0.14 | 1.02 (0.82–1.23) |
| Run1 | 37±1.5 | 56±0.7 | 16±2.5 | 1±0.4 | 0.12 | 1.84 (0.69–3.57) | |
| Laudakia stellio | Run1 | 40±1.5 | 53±1.0 | 17±3.3 | 4±0.8 | 0.20 | 1.56 (0.82–2.40) |
| Leiocephalus schreibersi | Run1 | 47±0.8 | 52±0.6 | 16±1.1 | 6±0.5 | 0.54 | 0.80 (0.48–1.48) |
| Cordylus warreni | Run1 | 44±1.6 | 52±2.2 | 20±2.4 | 7±1.9 | 0.25 | 0.86 (0.53–1.23) |
| Eulamprus quoyii | Run1 | 50±1.7 | 59±1.4 | 19±2.0 | 4±0.8 | 0.62 | 1.10 (0.29–1.92) |
| Lepidophyma flavimaculatum | Run1 | 41±1.2 | 53±1.3 | 18±3.6 | 6±1.4 | 0.29 | 0.57 (0.42–0.73) |
| Oplurus cuvieri | Run1 | 48±0.6 | 52±0.6 | 10±1.0 | 5±0.6 | 0.50 | 1.14 (0.59–1.84) |
| Sceloporus malachiticus | Run1 | 45±0.8 | 51±0.5 | 20±1.4 | 4±0.5 | 0.45 | 0.81 (0.24–1.49) |
| Tropidurus torquatus | Run1 | 33±1.1 | 53±1.2 | 15±2.5 | 5±0.9 | 0.25 | 1.64 (1.13–2.88) |
| Plestiodon skiltonianus* | Run | – | 50 | 20 | |||
| Walk | – | 50 | 180 | ||||
| Coleonyx variegatus* | Run | – | 50 | 10 | |||
| Walk | – | 40 | 170 | ||||
| Hemidactylus garnoti** | Run | 43 | 48 | 0 |
| . | Mechanics . | Duty factor . | Limb phase . | Phase shift . | % R . | PE/KE . | Speed (m s–1) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tracheloptychus petersi | WalkC | 72±1.4 | 43±1.0 | 158±3.6 | 47±3.0 | 1.48 | 0.16 (0.15–0.20) |
| Run1 | 50±4.1 | 57±3.8 | 30±4.9 | 8±3.5 | 0.11 | 0.92 (0.24–1.41) | |
| Varanus exanthematicus | WalkC | 69±1.7 | 40±1.5 | 158±5.0 | 35±5.0 | 1.18 | 0.29 (0.24–0.34) |
| Run1 | 41±0.9 | 50±0.6 | 18±1.3 | 5±0.7 | 0.11 | 1.37 (0.28–2.62) | |
| Ameiva ameiva | WalkB | 53±1.5 | 38±1.4 | 157±5.1 | 44±4.8 | 0.84 | 0.43 (0.29–0.49) |
| Run1 | 50±1.9 | 41±1.1 | 21±3.2 | 9±1.4 | 0.22 | 0.75 (0.41–2.11) | |
| Eublepharis macularius | WalkC | 72±2.1 | 44±1.1 | 151±6.6 | 32±4.3 | 0.98 | 0.24 (0.20–0.27) |
| Run2 | 70±0.7 | 43±1.8 | 8±3.2 | 16±3.9 | 0.97 | 0.29 (0.29–0.32) | |
| Eumeces schneideri | WalkC | 73±1.2 | 50±0.6 | 156±2.4 | 38±4.0 | 1.86 | 0.24 (0.10–0.47) |
| Run2 | 71±3.7 | 50±0.6 | 23±2.1 | 18±4.0 | 0.58 | 0.19 (0.10–0.28) | |
| Tupinambis teguixin | WalkC | 64±1.6 | 46±1.1 | 151±4.4 | 35±7.2 | 0.80 | 0.22 (0.13–0.29) |
| Run2 | 67±1.5 | 49±0.9 | 19±4.7 | 16±5.6 | 1.38 | 0.23 (0.16–0.43) | |
| Acanthodactylus boskianus | WalkA | 53±8.0 | 57±1.0 | 152±17 | 18±0.5 | 0.14 | 1.02 (0.82–1.23) |
| Run1 | 37±1.5 | 56±0.7 | 16±2.5 | 1±0.4 | 0.12 | 1.84 (0.69–3.57) | |
| Laudakia stellio | Run1 | 40±1.5 | 53±1.0 | 17±3.3 | 4±0.8 | 0.20 | 1.56 (0.82–2.40) |
| Leiocephalus schreibersi | Run1 | 47±0.8 | 52±0.6 | 16±1.1 | 6±0.5 | 0.54 | 0.80 (0.48–1.48) |
| Cordylus warreni | Run1 | 44±1.6 | 52±2.2 | 20±2.4 | 7±1.9 | 0.25 | 0.86 (0.53–1.23) |
| Eulamprus quoyii | Run1 | 50±1.7 | 59±1.4 | 19±2.0 | 4±0.8 | 0.62 | 1.10 (0.29–1.92) |
| Lepidophyma flavimaculatum | Run1 | 41±1.2 | 53±1.3 | 18±3.6 | 6±1.4 | 0.29 | 0.57 (0.42–0.73) |
| Oplurus cuvieri | Run1 | 48±0.6 | 52±0.6 | 10±1.0 | 5±0.6 | 0.50 | 1.14 (0.59–1.84) |
| Sceloporus malachiticus | Run1 | 45±0.8 | 51±0.5 | 20±1.4 | 4±0.5 | 0.45 | 0.81 (0.24–1.49) |
| Tropidurus torquatus | Run1 | 33±1.1 | 53±1.2 | 15±2.5 | 5±0.9 | 0.25 | 1.64 (1.13–2.88) |
| Plestiodon skiltonianus* | Run | – | 50 | 20 | |||
| Walk | – | 50 | 180 | ||||
| Coleonyx variegatus* | Run | – | 50 | 10 | |||
| Walk | – | 40 | 170 | ||||
| Hemidactylus garnoti** | Run | 43 | 48 | 0 |
R, recovery; PE, potential energy; KE, kinetic energy
Values are means ± s.e.m. Ranges of species speed means are given in parentheses
Different superscripts after walk/run values indicate significant groups in Hildebrand gait space (letters, walking groups; numbers, running groups)
(Farley and Ko, 1997)
(Chen et al., 2006)