Morphology of G. victoriana embryos incubated to stage 26 at a range of water potentials
| Water Potential (kPa) . | Total length (mm) . | Snout–vent length (mm) . | Tail length (mm) . | Body height (mm) . | Fin height (mm) . | Tail muscle height (mm) . | Body width (mm) . | Tail width (mm) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ψπ | ||||||||
| 0 | 11.20±0.35* (14) | 3.84±0.05* (14) | 7.37±0.32 (14) | 2.08±0.04 (14) | 2.27±0.10* (14) | 1.20±0.02 (14) | 2.30±0.03 (14) | 0.82±0.02 (14) |
| ψv | ||||||||
| 0 | 9.84±0.37 (20) | 3.26±0.06 (20) | 6.58±0.32 (20) | 2.19±0.04 (18) | 1.84±0.08 (17) | 1.23±0.03 (18) | 2.37±0.07 (20) | 0.88±0.02 (20) |
| –22 | 9.67±0.23 (20) | 3.16±0.07 (20) | 6.51±0.18 (20) | 2.10±0.04 (19) | 1.79±0.07 (19) | 1.15±0.02 (19) | 2.31±0.04 (20) | 0.86±0.01 (20) |
| –52 | 9.26±0.25 (17) | 3.09±0.06 (17) | 6.17±0.23 (17) | 2.32±0.06 (15) | 1.81±0.06 (13) | 1.21±0.03 (15) | 2.35±0.06 (17) | 0.87±0.03 (16) |
| –105 | 9.05±0.20 (17) | 3.02±0.06* (17) | 6.03±0.18 (17) | 2.19±0.05 (17) | 1.72±0.05 (14) | 1.12±0.03 (17) | 2.26±0.06 (17) | 0.85±0.02 (17) |
| –206 | 9.03±0.40 (13) | 3.12±0.10 (13) | 5.90±0.32 (13) | 2.25±0.12 (10) | 1.64±0.09 (10) | 1.29±0.10 (10) | 2.44±0.06 (12) | 1.10±0.15* (11) |
| –493 | 7.95±0.48* (10) | 2.83±0.12* (10) | 5.12±0.45* (10) | 2.29±0.11 (8) | 1.68±0.05 (8) | 1.16±0.06 (9) | 2.35±0.13 (8) | 0.94±0.05 (8) |
| –533 | 8.15±0.27* (9) | 3.06±0.08 (9) | 5.09±0.25* (9) | 2.52±0.10* (8) | 1.65±0.10 (7) | 1.31±0.09 (9) | 2.45±0.10 (7) | 0.93±0.05 (7) |
| Water Potential (kPa) . | Total length (mm) . | Snout–vent length (mm) . | Tail length (mm) . | Body height (mm) . | Fin height (mm) . | Tail muscle height (mm) . | Body width (mm) . | Tail width (mm) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ψπ | ||||||||
| 0 | 11.20±0.35* (14) | 3.84±0.05* (14) | 7.37±0.32 (14) | 2.08±0.04 (14) | 2.27±0.10* (14) | 1.20±0.02 (14) | 2.30±0.03 (14) | 0.82±0.02 (14) |
| ψv | ||||||||
| 0 | 9.84±0.37 (20) | 3.26±0.06 (20) | 6.58±0.32 (20) | 2.19±0.04 (18) | 1.84±0.08 (17) | 1.23±0.03 (18) | 2.37±0.07 (20) | 0.88±0.02 (20) |
| –22 | 9.67±0.23 (20) | 3.16±0.07 (20) | 6.51±0.18 (20) | 2.10±0.04 (19) | 1.79±0.07 (19) | 1.15±0.02 (19) | 2.31±0.04 (20) | 0.86±0.01 (20) |
| –52 | 9.26±0.25 (17) | 3.09±0.06 (17) | 6.17±0.23 (17) | 2.32±0.06 (15) | 1.81±0.06 (13) | 1.21±0.03 (15) | 2.35±0.06 (17) | 0.87±0.03 (16) |
| –105 | 9.05±0.20 (17) | 3.02±0.06* (17) | 6.03±0.18 (17) | 2.19±0.05 (17) | 1.72±0.05 (14) | 1.12±0.03 (17) | 2.26±0.06 (17) | 0.85±0.02 (17) |
| –206 | 9.03±0.40 (13) | 3.12±0.10 (13) | 5.90±0.32 (13) | 2.25±0.12 (10) | 1.64±0.09 (10) | 1.29±0.10 (10) | 2.44±0.06 (12) | 1.10±0.15* (11) |
| –493 | 7.95±0.48* (10) | 2.83±0.12* (10) | 5.12±0.45* (10) | 2.29±0.11 (8) | 1.68±0.05 (8) | 1.16±0.06 (9) | 2.35±0.13 (8) | 0.94±0.05 (8) |
| –533 | 8.15±0.27* (9) | 3.06±0.08 (9) | 5.09±0.25* (9) | 2.52±0.10* (8) | 1.65±0.10 (7) | 1.31±0.09 (9) | 2.45±0.10 (7) | 0.93±0.05 (7) |
Values are means ± s.e.m. (N); N values vary because some dimensions could not be accurately measured from the digital images. *Significant difference from the control 0 kPa vapour treatment value (P<0.05)