Age-related inhibitory changes in central auditory systems
| Structure . | Function . | Response . | Reference . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cochlear nucleus | Presynaptic | Lower glycine levels | (Banay-Schwartz et al., 1989a; Banay-Schwartz et al., 1989b;Willot et al., 1997) |
| Postsynaptic | Altered glycine receptor subunit composition; Loss of strychnine binding | (Krenning et al., 1998; Caspary et al., 2001; Milbrandt and Caspary, 1995;Willot et al., 1997) | |
| Physiology | Loss of on-CF inhibition; Altered temporal responses | (Caspary et al., 2005; Caspary et al., 2006) | |
| Inferior colliculus | Presynaptic | Reduced GAD level and its activity; Reduced GABA level and its release | (McGeer and McGeer, 1975; Caspary et al., 1990; Gutiérrez et al., 1994; Milbrandt et al., 1994; Raza et al., 1994; Milbrandt et al., 2000) |
| Postsynaptic | Altered GABAA receptor subunit composition and quantitative receptor binding | (Gutiérrez et al.,1994; Milbrandt et al.,1996; Milbrandt et al.,1997; Caspary et al.,1999) | |
| Physiology | Loss of on-CF inhibition, altered SAM responses. Increased spontaneous activity | (Palombi and Caspary, 1996a; Palombi and Caspary, 1996b; Palombi and Caspary, 1996c; Shaddock-Palombi et al.,2001; Walton et al.,1997; Walton et al.,1998; Willott et al.,1988) | |
| Auditory cortex | Presynaptic | Reduced GAD levels (message and protein) | (Ling et al., 2005) |
| Postsynaptic | Altered GABAA receptor subunit composition | (Ling et al., 2004) | |
| Physiology | Altered response maps; Reduced reproducibility of response maps; Increased ability to drive complex units with current | (Turner et al., 2005a; Turner et al., 2005b; Mendelson and Ricketts, 2001) |
| Structure . | Function . | Response . | Reference . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cochlear nucleus | Presynaptic | Lower glycine levels | (Banay-Schwartz et al., 1989a; Banay-Schwartz et al., 1989b;Willot et al., 1997) |
| Postsynaptic | Altered glycine receptor subunit composition; Loss of strychnine binding | (Krenning et al., 1998; Caspary et al., 2001; Milbrandt and Caspary, 1995;Willot et al., 1997) | |
| Physiology | Loss of on-CF inhibition; Altered temporal responses | (Caspary et al., 2005; Caspary et al., 2006) | |
| Inferior colliculus | Presynaptic | Reduced GAD level and its activity; Reduced GABA level and its release | (McGeer and McGeer, 1975; Caspary et al., 1990; Gutiérrez et al., 1994; Milbrandt et al., 1994; Raza et al., 1994; Milbrandt et al., 2000) |
| Postsynaptic | Altered GABAA receptor subunit composition and quantitative receptor binding | (Gutiérrez et al.,1994; Milbrandt et al.,1996; Milbrandt et al.,1997; Caspary et al.,1999) | |
| Physiology | Loss of on-CF inhibition, altered SAM responses. Increased spontaneous activity | (Palombi and Caspary, 1996a; Palombi and Caspary, 1996b; Palombi and Caspary, 1996c; Shaddock-Palombi et al.,2001; Walton et al.,1997; Walton et al.,1998; Willott et al.,1988) | |
| Auditory cortex | Presynaptic | Reduced GAD levels (message and protein) | (Ling et al., 2005) |
| Postsynaptic | Altered GABAA receptor subunit composition | (Ling et al., 2004) | |
| Physiology | Altered response maps; Reduced reproducibility of response maps; Increased ability to drive complex units with current | (Turner et al., 2005a; Turner et al., 2005b; Mendelson and Ricketts, 2001) |