Maximal enzyme activities in gill, liver, red muscle and white muscle of Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus exposed to freshwater or seawater for 96 h
| . | Maximal enzyme activity (nmol min-1 mg-1 protein) . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Gill . | . | Liver . | . | Red muscle . | . | White muscle . | . | |||||||
| Enzyme . | FW . | SW . | FW . | SW . | FW . | SW . | FW . | SW . | |||||||
| Oxidative metabolism | |||||||||||||||
| CCO | 4.0±0.5 | 4.0±0.4 | 9.6±0.7 | 10.4±0.6 | 55.1±6.7 | 49.7±7.3 | 1.1±0.3 | 1.0±0.2 | |||||||
| CS | 24.1±0.8 | 26.0±0.8* | 11.8±0.36 | 12.1±0.3 | 349.6±19.1 | 325.7±6.4 | 17.7±1.2 | 17.6±1.0 | |||||||
| Amino acid metabolism | |||||||||||||||
| GDH | 116.7±9.8 | 106.7±8.3 | 279.7±13.6 | 312.9±16.1* | 159.3±11.2 | 180.9±7.9* | 9.1±0.7 | 11.6±1.2* | |||||||
| Ala-AT | 49.1±9.2 | 54.0±9.0 | 343.8±17.9 | 343.9±8.9 | 99.2±11.3 | 136.2±19.6* | 2.4±0.2 | 2.9±0.2 | |||||||
| Asp-AT | 83.8±8.0 | 106.0±10.2* | 256.9±24.7 | 354.6±18.0* | 724.6±46.4 | 717.2±26.7 | 187.3±10.1 | 182.4±9.3 | |||||||
| GS | 0.2±0.0 | 0.3±0.0 | 0.1±0.0 | 0.1±0.0 | 0.1±0.0 | bld | 0.1±0.0 | 0.1±0.0 | |||||||
| PDG | 3.4±0.3 | 3.1±0.4 | 2.4±0.2 | 2.1±0.2 | 2.5±0.1 | 2.7±0.1 | bld | bld | |||||||
| Lipid metabolism | |||||||||||||||
| CPT | 0.3±0.0 | 0.2±0.0 | 1.3±0.1 | 1.2±0.1 | 3.4±0.4 | 3.8±0.6 | bld | bld | |||||||
| HOAD | 5.4±0.6 | 5.5±0.4 | 1.9±0.1 | 2.1±0.1 | 19.1±1.6 | 20.7±1.1 | 1.1±0.2 | 1.0±0.1 | |||||||
| ME | 0.7±0.2 | 0.7±0.3 | 22.8±2.0 | 25.4±1.2 | 13.4±1.3 | 16.0±1.8 | 2.3±0.1 | 2.6±0.3 | |||||||
| Carbohydrate metabolism | |||||||||||||||
| HK | 1.6±0.2 | 1.4±0.2 | 0.5±0.0 | 0.5±0.0 | 0.4±0.1 | 0.5±0.1 | 0.2±0.0 | 0.2±0.0 | |||||||
| PK | 146.0±12.0 | 160.9±9.2 | 23.7±2.9 | 23.2±1.4 | 1130.0±256.5 | 1015.7±177.0 | 1811.0±273.8 | 2281.9±91.8 | |||||||
| LDH | 212.8±17.9 | 247.9±11.1 | 1318.7±115.4 | 1351.5±51.5 | 2937.9±197.9 | 3308.7±222.9 | 4705.6±216.2 | 5073.6±210.3 | |||||||
| Gluconeogenesis | |||||||||||||||
| FBPase | bld | bld | 6.5±0.6 | 5.2±0.5 | bld | bld | bld | bld | |||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||
| CK | 164.5±14.6 | 152.1±18.1 | 14.0±0.7 | 14.1±0.6 | 736.9±42.8 | 721.7±53.1 | 2917.8±42.0 | 2978.3±102.5 | |||||||
| . | Maximal enzyme activity (nmol min-1 mg-1 protein) . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Gill . | . | Liver . | . | Red muscle . | . | White muscle . | . | |||||||
| Enzyme . | FW . | SW . | FW . | SW . | FW . | SW . | FW . | SW . | |||||||
| Oxidative metabolism | |||||||||||||||
| CCO | 4.0±0.5 | 4.0±0.4 | 9.6±0.7 | 10.4±0.6 | 55.1±6.7 | 49.7±7.3 | 1.1±0.3 | 1.0±0.2 | |||||||
| CS | 24.1±0.8 | 26.0±0.8* | 11.8±0.36 | 12.1±0.3 | 349.6±19.1 | 325.7±6.4 | 17.7±1.2 | 17.6±1.0 | |||||||
| Amino acid metabolism | |||||||||||||||
| GDH | 116.7±9.8 | 106.7±8.3 | 279.7±13.6 | 312.9±16.1* | 159.3±11.2 | 180.9±7.9* | 9.1±0.7 | 11.6±1.2* | |||||||
| Ala-AT | 49.1±9.2 | 54.0±9.0 | 343.8±17.9 | 343.9±8.9 | 99.2±11.3 | 136.2±19.6* | 2.4±0.2 | 2.9±0.2 | |||||||
| Asp-AT | 83.8±8.0 | 106.0±10.2* | 256.9±24.7 | 354.6±18.0* | 724.6±46.4 | 717.2±26.7 | 187.3±10.1 | 182.4±9.3 | |||||||
| GS | 0.2±0.0 | 0.3±0.0 | 0.1±0.0 | 0.1±0.0 | 0.1±0.0 | bld | 0.1±0.0 | 0.1±0.0 | |||||||
| PDG | 3.4±0.3 | 3.1±0.4 | 2.4±0.2 | 2.1±0.2 | 2.5±0.1 | 2.7±0.1 | bld | bld | |||||||
| Lipid metabolism | |||||||||||||||
| CPT | 0.3±0.0 | 0.2±0.0 | 1.3±0.1 | 1.2±0.1 | 3.4±0.4 | 3.8±0.6 | bld | bld | |||||||
| HOAD | 5.4±0.6 | 5.5±0.4 | 1.9±0.1 | 2.1±0.1 | 19.1±1.6 | 20.7±1.1 | 1.1±0.2 | 1.0±0.1 | |||||||
| ME | 0.7±0.2 | 0.7±0.3 | 22.8±2.0 | 25.4±1.2 | 13.4±1.3 | 16.0±1.8 | 2.3±0.1 | 2.6±0.3 | |||||||
| Carbohydrate metabolism | |||||||||||||||
| HK | 1.6±0.2 | 1.4±0.2 | 0.5±0.0 | 0.5±0.0 | 0.4±0.1 | 0.5±0.1 | 0.2±0.0 | 0.2±0.0 | |||||||
| PK | 146.0±12.0 | 160.9±9.2 | 23.7±2.9 | 23.2±1.4 | 1130.0±256.5 | 1015.7±177.0 | 1811.0±273.8 | 2281.9±91.8 | |||||||
| LDH | 212.8±17.9 | 247.9±11.1 | 1318.7±115.4 | 1351.5±51.5 | 2937.9±197.9 | 3308.7±222.9 | 4705.6±216.2 | 5073.6±210.3 | |||||||
| Gluconeogenesis | |||||||||||||||
| FBPase | bld | bld | 6.5±0.6 | 5.2±0.5 | bld | bld | bld | bld | |||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||
| CK | 164.5±14.6 | 152.1±18.1 | 14.0±0.7 | 14.1±0.6 | 736.9±42.8 | 721.7±53.1 | 2917.8±42.0 | 2978.3±102.5 | |||||||
CCO, cytochrome c oxidase; CS, citrate synthase; GDH, glutamate dehydrogenase; Ala-AT, alanine aminotransferase; Asp-AT, aspartate aminotransferase; GS, glutamine synthetase; PDG, phosphate-dependent glutaminase; CPT, carnitine palmitoyl transferase; HOAD, 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase; ME, malic enzyme; HK, hexokinase; PK, pyruvate kinase; LDH,lactate dehydrogenase; FBPase, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase; CK, creatine phosphokinase. SW, seawater, 32‰; bld, below level of detection
Values are means ± s.e.m.
Significantly different from freshwater (FW) control group