The Company of Biologists

Table 5.

Measurements of Chironomus sp. exposed to a range of salinities in wet lab water

	Electrical conductivity (mS cm^-1)
Measurement	0.15	0.65	2.5	5.0	10	15	20	25	ANOVA
Percent emerged	62.9±1.53^a	82.2±2.06^b	90.6±1.45^b	80.0±2.63^b	53.1±4.07^a	28.2±4.07^c	0	0	F=171.7, d.f.=7,271, P=0.000
Days to emergence	22.0±0.23^a	22.0±0.21^a	22.0±0.37^a	24.8±0.67^b	26.0±0.76^b	41.4±0.94^c	NA	NA	F=175.5, d.f.=5,139, P=0.000
Size at emergence
Body length (mm)	7.23±0.13^a	6.81±0.95^a	6.76±0.16^a	7.02±0.16^a	7.35±0.13^a	6.88±0.19^a	NA	NA	F=2.642, d.f.=5,125, P=0.062
Wing length (mm)	4.54±0.04^a	4.50±0.03^a	4.34±0.08^a	4.37±0.09^a	4.52±0.04^a	4.34±0.08^a	NA	NA	F=2.225, d.f.=5,130, P=0.056
Head width (mm)	0.87±0.00^a	0.85±0.00^a	0.84±0.01^a	0.85±0.01^a	0.87±0.01^a	0.84±0.01^a	NA	NA	F=2.943, d.f.=5,129, P=0.051
Growth rates
Body (mm/day)	0.33±0.008^a	0.31±0.006^a, b	0.31±0.011^a, b	0.29±0.009^b	0.29±0.012^b	0.17±0.009^c	NA	NA	F=27.343, d.f.=5,124, P=0.000
Wings (mm/day)	0.21±0.003^a	0.21±0.003^a	0.20±0.005^a	0.18±0.006^b	0.17±0.005b	0.11±0.004^c	NA	NA	F=51.427, d.f.=5,128, P=0.000
Head (mm/day)	0.04±0.001^a	0.04±0.000^a	0.04±0.001^a	0.04±0.001^b	0.03±0.001^b	0.02±0.001^c	NA	NA	F=66.921, d.f.=5,127, P=0.000
Wet mass (mg)	1.94±0.21^a	2.07±0.11^a	1.86±0.26^a	2.11±0.57^a	2.07±0.08^a	1.58±081^a	NA	NA	F=0.477, d.f.=5,8, P=0.785
Dry mass (mg)	0.92±0.09^a	0.97±0.02^a	0.85±0.11^a	0.73±0.19^a	1.03±0.03^a	0.75±0.29^a	NA	NA	F=0.664, d.f.=5,8, P=0.662
Percent water	52.3±1.30^a	52.7±1.92^a	53.7±1.79^a	55.5±11.6^a	50.3±0.80^a	48.0±8.45^a	NA	NA	F=0.521, d.f.=5,9, P=0.755
Percentage deformed (N)	0	0	11.9 (1)	20.8 (2)	0	12.5 (1)	NA	NA
Sex ratio (M:F)	68:32	32:68	41:59	61:39	56:44	46:54	NA	NA

	Electrical conductivity (mS cm^-1)
Measurement	0.15	0.65	2.5	5.0	10	15	20	25	ANOVA
Percent emerged	62.9±1.53^a	82.2±2.06^b	90.6±1.45^b	80.0±2.63^b	53.1±4.07^a	28.2±4.07^c	0	0	F=171.7, d.f.=7,271, P=0.000
Days to emergence	22.0±0.23^a	22.0±0.21^a	22.0±0.37^a	24.8±0.67^b	26.0±0.76^b	41.4±0.94^c	NA	NA	F=175.5, d.f.=5,139, P=0.000
Size at emergence
Body length (mm)	7.23±0.13^a	6.81±0.95^a	6.76±0.16^a	7.02±0.16^a	7.35±0.13^a	6.88±0.19^a	NA	NA	F=2.642, d.f.=5,125, P=0.062
Wing length (mm)	4.54±0.04^a	4.50±0.03^a	4.34±0.08^a	4.37±0.09^a	4.52±0.04^a	4.34±0.08^a	NA	NA	F=2.225, d.f.=5,130, P=0.056
Head width (mm)	0.87±0.00^a	0.85±0.00^a	0.84±0.01^a	0.85±0.01^a	0.87±0.01^a	0.84±0.01^a	NA	NA	F=2.943, d.f.=5,129, P=0.051
Growth rates
Body (mm/day)	0.33±0.008^a	0.31±0.006^a, b	0.31±0.011^a, b	0.29±0.009^b	0.29±0.012^b	0.17±0.009^c	NA	NA	F=27.343, d.f.=5,124, P=0.000
Wings (mm/day)	0.21±0.003^a	0.21±0.003^a	0.20±0.005^a	0.18±0.006^b	0.17±0.005b	0.11±0.004^c	NA	NA	F=51.427, d.f.=5,128, P=0.000
Head (mm/day)	0.04±0.001^a	0.04±0.000^a	0.04±0.001^a	0.04±0.001^b	0.03±0.001^b	0.02±0.001^c	NA	NA	F=66.921, d.f.=5,127, P=0.000
Wet mass (mg)	1.94±0.21^a	2.07±0.11^a	1.86±0.26^a	2.11±0.57^a	2.07±0.08^a	1.58±081^a	NA	NA	F=0.477, d.f.=5,8, P=0.785
Dry mass (mg)	0.92±0.09^a	0.97±0.02^a	0.85±0.11^a	0.73±0.19^a	1.03±0.03^a	0.75±0.29^a	NA	NA	F=0.664, d.f.=5,8, P=0.662
Percent water	52.3±1.30^a	52.7±1.92^a	53.7±1.79^a	55.5±11.6^a	50.3±0.80^a	48.0±8.45^a	NA	NA	F=0.521, d.f.=5,9, P=0.755
Percentage deformed (N)	0	0	11.9 (1)	20.8 (2)	0	12.5 (1)	NA	NA
Sex ratio (M:F)	68:32	32:68	41:59	61:39	56:44	46:54	NA	NA

Values are means ± s.e.m.; N=10-15.

Different letters indicate statistically significant differences(P=0.05) between treatments. NA, not applicable.