. | . | . | . | Blood flow (ml min-1) . | . | . | . | . | . | . | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phase . | Muscle . | Abbreviation . | Mass (g) . | Rest . | Moderate, level . | Incline . | Fast, level . | s.e.m.* . | P, incline . | P, fast run . | ||||
Stance | Ambiens | AMB | 1.53±0.06 | 0.2 | 0.77 | 0.99 | 1.25 | 0.12 | 0.200 | 0.011 | ||||
Caudofemoralis pars caudalis | CFC | 2.64±0.09 | 0.192 | 0.87 | 2.24 | 1.49 | 0.27 | 0.003 | 0.127 | |||||
Caudofemoralis pars pelvica | CFP | 3.84±0.21 | 0.612 | 2.16 | 4.24 | 5.08 | 0.66 | 0.041 | 0.007 | |||||
Deep digital flexors (combined lateral)† | latDDF | 5.55±0.28 | 0.698 | 10.92 | 15.73 | 13.66 | 0.68 | <0.001 | 0.013 | |||||
Deep digital flexors (combined medial)† | medDDF | 7.76±0.24 | 1.064 | 23.03 | 28.23 | 29.25 | 1.71 | 0.049 | 0.022 | |||||
Flexor perforans et perforatus digiti II | sDF-II | 2.21±0.11 | 0.258 | 3.76 | 4.62 | 4.91 | 0.25 | 0.026 | 0.005 | |||||
Flexor perforans et perforatus digiti III | sDF-III | 6.48±0.30 | 0.872 | 22.43 | 27.21 | 26.49 | 1.87 | 0.091 | 0.146 | |||||
Flexor hallucis longus | FHL | 3.73±0.27 | 0.579 | 13.00 | 14.41 | 18.98 | 1.21 | 0.426 | 0.004 | |||||
Fibularis longus | FL | 17.96±0.71 | 2.048 | 31.65 | 38.68 | 36.43 | 1.97 | 0.024 | 0.108 | |||||
Flexor cruris lateralis pars accessoria | FCLA | 6.31±0.22 | 0.682 | 3.84 | 8.76 | 5.47 | 0.48 | <0.001 | 0.030 | |||||
Flexor cruris lateralis pars pelvica | FCLP | 29.25±0.81 | 3.969 | 37.78 | 64.15 | 57.84 | 3.30 | <0.001 | 0.001 | |||||
Flexor cruris medialis | FCM | 2.88±0.11 | 0.768 | 7.50 | 11.43 | 11.90 | 0.75 | 0.002 | 0.001 | |||||
Flexor digitorum longus + fibularis brevis | FDL&FB | 9.77±0.39 | 1.334 | 26.77 | 33.84 | 34.96 | 2.07 | 0.030 | 0.014 | |||||
Iliotibialis lateralis pars postacetabularis | ILPO | 43.25±1.14 | 7.74 | 50.91 | 98.30 | 84.16 | 5.69 | <0.001 | 0.001 | |||||
Ischiofemoralis | ISF | 4.36±0.31 | 1.059 | 3.70 | 6.14 | 5.22 | 0.36 | <0.001 | 0.009 | |||||
Iliotrochantericus caudalis | ITC | 20.86±0.65 | 7.023 | 69.37 | 89.74 | 77.03 | 3.80 | 0.002 | 0.175 | |||||
Gastrocnemius intermedia | IG | 4.83±0.29 | 0.554 | 8.81 | 11.07 | 11.32 | 0.61 | 0.021 | 0.012 | |||||
Gastrocnemius lateralis | LG | 18.91±0.38 | 1.59 | 26.29 | 32.53 | 35.65 | 1.72 | 0.022 | 0.002 | |||||
Gastrocnemius medialis | MG | 13.01±0.45 | 2.606 | 27.76 | 36.36 | 40.82 | 2.09 | 0.012 | 0.001 | |||||
Pubo-ischio-femeralis pars lateralis | PIFL | 3.56±0.20 | 3.074 | 20.02 | 22.45 | 25.61 | 1.33 | 0.216 | 0.010 | |||||
Pubo-ischio-femeralis pars medialis | PIFM | 9.44±0.45 | 2.002 | 35.67 | 37.44 | 42.31 | 1.94 | 0.528 | 0.030 | |||||
Iliofibularis (posterior portion) | postIF | 12.69±0.56 | 3.616 | 10.70 | 18.41 | 14.17 | 1.04 | <0.001 | 0.036 | |||||
Both | Femerotibialis lateralis pars distalis | FTLD | 3.56±0.77 | 0.609 | 5.62 | 7.15 | 7.02 | 0.35 | 0.005 | 0.033 | ||||
Femerotibialis medialis | FTM | 5.15±0.13 | 0.842 | 7.22 | 6.28 | 10.97 | 0.84 | 0.440 | 0.007 | |||||
Femerotibialis lateralis pars proximalis | FTLP | 13.43±0.76 | 2.752 | 24.25 | 29.39 | 31.06 | 1.35 | 0.017 | 0.003 | |||||
Femerotibialis intermedius | FTI | 14.99±0.62 | 3.198 | 31.28 | 38.43 | 42.44 | 2.28 | 0.044 | 0.004 | |||||
Swing | Iliofibularis (anterior portion) | antIF | 11.34±0.46 | 4.459 | 17.75 | 22.35 | 26.61 | 1.30 | 0.025 | 0.001 | ||||
Extensor Digitorum Longus | EDL | 4.40±0.30 | 0.587 | 3.54 | 3.94 | 3.94 | 0.32 | 0.395 | 0.386 | |||||
Iliotibialis cranialis | IC | 21.15±0.88 | 5.815 | 45.67 | 54.65 | 60.27 | 2.70 | 0.034 | 0.002 | |||||
Iliotibialis lateralis pars preacetabularis | ILPR | 9.67±0.58 | 2.512 | 9.30 | 12.53 | 13.78 | 0.78 | 0.011 | 0.001 | |||||
Iliotrochantericus cranialis | ITCR | 5.99±0.30 | 1.23 | 7.76 | 9.40 | 11.64 | 0.85 | 0.191 | 0.006 | |||||
Obturatorius medialis | OM | 7.09±0.59 | 1.547 | 14.97 | 16.58 | 19.75 | 0.88 | 0.216 | 0.002 | |||||
Tibialis cranialis | TC | 16.38±0.45 | 5.72 | 54.45 | 65.24 | 79.68 | 4.65 | 0.123 | 0.002 |
. | . | . | . | Blood flow (ml min-1) . | . | . | . | . | . | . | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phase . | Muscle . | Abbreviation . | Mass (g) . | Rest . | Moderate, level . | Incline . | Fast, level . | s.e.m.* . | P, incline . | P, fast run . | ||||
Stance | Ambiens | AMB | 1.53±0.06 | 0.2 | 0.77 | 0.99 | 1.25 | 0.12 | 0.200 | 0.011 | ||||
Caudofemoralis pars caudalis | CFC | 2.64±0.09 | 0.192 | 0.87 | 2.24 | 1.49 | 0.27 | 0.003 | 0.127 | |||||
Caudofemoralis pars pelvica | CFP | 3.84±0.21 | 0.612 | 2.16 | 4.24 | 5.08 | 0.66 | 0.041 | 0.007 | |||||
Deep digital flexors (combined lateral)† | latDDF | 5.55±0.28 | 0.698 | 10.92 | 15.73 | 13.66 | 0.68 | <0.001 | 0.013 | |||||
Deep digital flexors (combined medial)† | medDDF | 7.76±0.24 | 1.064 | 23.03 | 28.23 | 29.25 | 1.71 | 0.049 | 0.022 | |||||
Flexor perforans et perforatus digiti II | sDF-II | 2.21±0.11 | 0.258 | 3.76 | 4.62 | 4.91 | 0.25 | 0.026 | 0.005 | |||||
Flexor perforans et perforatus digiti III | sDF-III | 6.48±0.30 | 0.872 | 22.43 | 27.21 | 26.49 | 1.87 | 0.091 | 0.146 | |||||
Flexor hallucis longus | FHL | 3.73±0.27 | 0.579 | 13.00 | 14.41 | 18.98 | 1.21 | 0.426 | 0.004 | |||||
Fibularis longus | FL | 17.96±0.71 | 2.048 | 31.65 | 38.68 | 36.43 | 1.97 | 0.024 | 0.108 | |||||
Flexor cruris lateralis pars accessoria | FCLA | 6.31±0.22 | 0.682 | 3.84 | 8.76 | 5.47 | 0.48 | <0.001 | 0.030 | |||||
Flexor cruris lateralis pars pelvica | FCLP | 29.25±0.81 | 3.969 | 37.78 | 64.15 | 57.84 | 3.30 | <0.001 | 0.001 | |||||
Flexor cruris medialis | FCM | 2.88±0.11 | 0.768 | 7.50 | 11.43 | 11.90 | 0.75 | 0.002 | 0.001 | |||||
Flexor digitorum longus + fibularis brevis | FDL&FB | 9.77±0.39 | 1.334 | 26.77 | 33.84 | 34.96 | 2.07 | 0.030 | 0.014 | |||||
Iliotibialis lateralis pars postacetabularis | ILPO | 43.25±1.14 | 7.74 | 50.91 | 98.30 | 84.16 | 5.69 | <0.001 | 0.001 | |||||
Ischiofemoralis | ISF | 4.36±0.31 | 1.059 | 3.70 | 6.14 | 5.22 | 0.36 | <0.001 | 0.009 | |||||
Iliotrochantericus caudalis | ITC | 20.86±0.65 | 7.023 | 69.37 | 89.74 | 77.03 | 3.80 | 0.002 | 0.175 | |||||
Gastrocnemius intermedia | IG | 4.83±0.29 | 0.554 | 8.81 | 11.07 | 11.32 | 0.61 | 0.021 | 0.012 | |||||
Gastrocnemius lateralis | LG | 18.91±0.38 | 1.59 | 26.29 | 32.53 | 35.65 | 1.72 | 0.022 | 0.002 | |||||
Gastrocnemius medialis | MG | 13.01±0.45 | 2.606 | 27.76 | 36.36 | 40.82 | 2.09 | 0.012 | 0.001 | |||||
Pubo-ischio-femeralis pars lateralis | PIFL | 3.56±0.20 | 3.074 | 20.02 | 22.45 | 25.61 | 1.33 | 0.216 | 0.010 | |||||
Pubo-ischio-femeralis pars medialis | PIFM | 9.44±0.45 | 2.002 | 35.67 | 37.44 | 42.31 | 1.94 | 0.528 | 0.030 | |||||
Iliofibularis (posterior portion) | postIF | 12.69±0.56 | 3.616 | 10.70 | 18.41 | 14.17 | 1.04 | <0.001 | 0.036 | |||||
Both | Femerotibialis lateralis pars distalis | FTLD | 3.56±0.77 | 0.609 | 5.62 | 7.15 | 7.02 | 0.35 | 0.005 | 0.033 | ||||
Femerotibialis medialis | FTM | 5.15±0.13 | 0.842 | 7.22 | 6.28 | 10.97 | 0.84 | 0.440 | 0.007 | |||||
Femerotibialis lateralis pars proximalis | FTLP | 13.43±0.76 | 2.752 | 24.25 | 29.39 | 31.06 | 1.35 | 0.017 | 0.003 | |||||
Femerotibialis intermedius | FTI | 14.99±0.62 | 3.198 | 31.28 | 38.43 | 42.44 | 2.28 | 0.044 | 0.004 | |||||
Swing | Iliofibularis (anterior portion) | antIF | 11.34±0.46 | 4.459 | 17.75 | 22.35 | 26.61 | 1.30 | 0.025 | 0.001 | ||||
Extensor Digitorum Longus | EDL | 4.40±0.30 | 0.587 | 3.54 | 3.94 | 3.94 | 0.32 | 0.395 | 0.386 | |||||
Iliotibialis cranialis | IC | 21.15±0.88 | 5.815 | 45.67 | 54.65 | 60.27 | 2.70 | 0.034 | 0.002 | |||||
Iliotibialis lateralis pars preacetabularis | ILPR | 9.67±0.58 | 2.512 | 9.30 | 12.53 | 13.78 | 0.78 | 0.011 | 0.001 | |||||
Iliotrochantericus cranialis | ITCR | 5.99±0.30 | 1.23 | 7.76 | 9.40 | 11.64 | 0.85 | 0.191 | 0.006 | |||||
Obturatorius medialis | OM | 7.09±0.59 | 1.547 | 14.97 | 16.58 | 19.75 | 0.88 | 0.216 | 0.002 | |||||
Tibialis cranialis | TC | 16.38±0.45 | 5.72 | 54.45 | 65.24 | 79.68 | 4.65 | 0.123 | 0.002 |
Values given are for the muscles in both legs.
Values in bold indicate significant differences from the moderate-speed run condition (multivariate ANOVA).
Mean resting values are included for completeness, although they were not included in the ANOVA model.
The standard errors reported for the muscle blood flows are the common values for all exercise conditions as calculated from the multivariate ANOVA(excluding rest).
See Materials and methods for specific muscle names.