. | Sparisoma . | . | Scarus . | . | . | . | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable . | Mean . | CV . | Mean . | CV . | F ratio . | P . | ||
Body movements | ||||||||
Maximum velocity (BL s−1) | 1.117±0.151 | 0.30±0.19 | 0.949±0.116 | 0.37±0.13 | 0.5166 | NS | ||
Time to maximum velocity (s) | −0.0533±0.0151 | 0.73±0.47 | −0.184±0.0412 | 0.81±0.33 | 2.4304 | NS | ||
Time to max. acceleration (s) | −0.0213±0.0158 | 4.97±4.78 | 0.00133±0.00421 | 1.55±0.74 | 1.2149 | NS | ||
Maximum acceleration (cm s−2) | 346.19±41.69 | 0.10±0.05 | 413.743±78.341 | 0.36±0.14 | 0.3182 | NS | ||
Change in body angle (deg.) | 14.94±2.55 | 0.36±0.06 | 10.50±1.77 | 0.39±0.21 | 8.5438 | ** | ||
Gape | ||||||||
Gape (cm) | 1.2406±0.1098 | 0.19±0.14 | 0.8677±0.0433 | 0.14±0.05 | 4.6587 | * | ||
Adjusted gape (cm BL−1) | 0.0878±0.0252 | 0.19±0.14 | 0.0830±0.0038 | 0.14±0.05 | 1.4092 | NS | ||
Gape duration (s) | 0.208±0.012 | 0.17±0.06 | 0.204±0.016 | 0.27±0.07 | 1.7107 | NS | ||
Time to max gape (s) | −0.0807±0.1371 | 0.19±0.14 | −0.0425±0.0093 | 0.14±0.05 | 2.5421 | NS | ||
Gape angle (deg.) | 86.863±5.781 | 0.10±0.04 | 100.752±4.323 | 0.13±0.04 | 2.4948 | NS | ||
Jaw protrusion | ||||||||
Jaw protrusion (cm) | 0.0191±0.0063 | 1.47±0.08 | 0.0374±0.0039 | 0.61±0.20 | 5.5941 | * | ||
Jaw protrusion duration (s) | 0.176±0.0393 | 0.27±0.24 | 0.1471±0.0112 | 0.41±0.13 | 4.5914 | * | ||
Time to max. jaw protrusion (s) | −0.1376±0.0286 | 0.11±0.12 | −0.0480±0.01776 | 0.26±0.08 | 1.1171 | NS | ||
Cranial elevation | ||||||||
Cranial elevation (deg.) | 0.7332±0.1211 | 0.96±0.19 | 1.160±0.082 | 0.68±0.17 | 8.5101 | ** | ||
Cranial elevation duration (s) | 0.232±0.0237 | 0.14±0.08 | 0.1592±0.0250 | 0.23±0.07 | 1.0100 | NS | ||
Time to max. cranial elevation (s) | −0.0667±0.0471 | 0.13±0.08 | −0.1748±0.0320 | 0.36±0.11 | 1.7856 | NS | ||
Eye movement | ||||||||
Maximum eye movement (cm) | 0.0913±0.0101 | 0.29±0.17 | 0.1137±0.0147 | 0.39±0.17 | 1.9595 | NS | ||
Eye movement duration (s) | 0.1973±0.0257 | 0.31±0.16 | 0.1502±0.0173 | 0.32±0.11 | 1.2530 | NS | ||
Time to maximum eye movement (s) | −0.1733±0.0291 | 0.21±0.15 | −0.1785±0.0394 | 0.44±0.11 | 1.1358 | NS | ||
Pectoral fin movement | ||||||||
Cruising | ||||||||
Protraction magnitude (deg.) | 37.384±7.5413 | 0.45±0.03 | 48.0137±16.1412 | 0.40±0.09 | 0.7851 | NS | ||
Protraction duration (s) | 0.1296±0.021 | 0.42±0.22 | 0.164±0.0609 | 0.62±0.25 | 0.2778 | NS | ||
Abduction magnitude (deg.) | 55.187±7.6716 | 0.32±0.1268 | 49.1985±4.6961 | 0.26±0.06 | 0.0781 | NS | ||
Abduction duration (s) | 0.1808±0.0484 | 0.43±0.3804 | 0.2453±0.0398 | 0.09±0.10 | 0.6748 | NS | ||
Braking | ||||||||
Protraction magnitude (deg.) | 48.2706±12.1341 | 0.31±0.07 | 85.1625±8.3506 | 0.37±0.13 | 10.595 | * | ||
Protraction onset (s) | −0.028±0.0205 | 1.57±0.96 | −0.0386±0.0104 | 0.85±0.27 | 0.0539 | NS | ||
Protraction duration (s) | 0.0933±0.0209 | 0.54±0.30 | 0.1126±0.0098 | 0.31±0.14 | 0.0462 | NS | ||
Abduction magnitude (deg.) | 41.8746±9.5154 | 0.55±0.28 | 46.0302±4.923 | 0.18±0.09 | 0.3334 | NS | ||
Abduction onset (s) | −0.0608±0.025 | 0.66±0.62 | 0.0032±0.013 | 3.88±2.28 | 2.7195 | NS | ||
Abduction duration (s) | 0.1104±0.0245 | 0.35±0.42 | 0.0664±0.0079 | 0.22±0.06 | 1.1101 | NS |
. | Sparisoma . | . | Scarus . | . | . | . | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable . | Mean . | CV . | Mean . | CV . | F ratio . | P . | ||
Body movements | ||||||||
Maximum velocity (BL s−1) | 1.117±0.151 | 0.30±0.19 | 0.949±0.116 | 0.37±0.13 | 0.5166 | NS | ||
Time to maximum velocity (s) | −0.0533±0.0151 | 0.73±0.47 | −0.184±0.0412 | 0.81±0.33 | 2.4304 | NS | ||
Time to max. acceleration (s) | −0.0213±0.0158 | 4.97±4.78 | 0.00133±0.00421 | 1.55±0.74 | 1.2149 | NS | ||
Maximum acceleration (cm s−2) | 346.19±41.69 | 0.10±0.05 | 413.743±78.341 | 0.36±0.14 | 0.3182 | NS | ||
Change in body angle (deg.) | 14.94±2.55 | 0.36±0.06 | 10.50±1.77 | 0.39±0.21 | 8.5438 | ** | ||
Gape | ||||||||
Gape (cm) | 1.2406±0.1098 | 0.19±0.14 | 0.8677±0.0433 | 0.14±0.05 | 4.6587 | * | ||
Adjusted gape (cm BL−1) | 0.0878±0.0252 | 0.19±0.14 | 0.0830±0.0038 | 0.14±0.05 | 1.4092 | NS | ||
Gape duration (s) | 0.208±0.012 | 0.17±0.06 | 0.204±0.016 | 0.27±0.07 | 1.7107 | NS | ||
Time to max gape (s) | −0.0807±0.1371 | 0.19±0.14 | −0.0425±0.0093 | 0.14±0.05 | 2.5421 | NS | ||
Gape angle (deg.) | 86.863±5.781 | 0.10±0.04 | 100.752±4.323 | 0.13±0.04 | 2.4948 | NS | ||
Jaw protrusion | ||||||||
Jaw protrusion (cm) | 0.0191±0.0063 | 1.47±0.08 | 0.0374±0.0039 | 0.61±0.20 | 5.5941 | * | ||
Jaw protrusion duration (s) | 0.176±0.0393 | 0.27±0.24 | 0.1471±0.0112 | 0.41±0.13 | 4.5914 | * | ||
Time to max. jaw protrusion (s) | −0.1376±0.0286 | 0.11±0.12 | −0.0480±0.01776 | 0.26±0.08 | 1.1171 | NS | ||
Cranial elevation | ||||||||
Cranial elevation (deg.) | 0.7332±0.1211 | 0.96±0.19 | 1.160±0.082 | 0.68±0.17 | 8.5101 | ** | ||
Cranial elevation duration (s) | 0.232±0.0237 | 0.14±0.08 | 0.1592±0.0250 | 0.23±0.07 | 1.0100 | NS | ||
Time to max. cranial elevation (s) | −0.0667±0.0471 | 0.13±0.08 | −0.1748±0.0320 | 0.36±0.11 | 1.7856 | NS | ||
Eye movement | ||||||||
Maximum eye movement (cm) | 0.0913±0.0101 | 0.29±0.17 | 0.1137±0.0147 | 0.39±0.17 | 1.9595 | NS | ||
Eye movement duration (s) | 0.1973±0.0257 | 0.31±0.16 | 0.1502±0.0173 | 0.32±0.11 | 1.2530 | NS | ||
Time to maximum eye movement (s) | −0.1733±0.0291 | 0.21±0.15 | −0.1785±0.0394 | 0.44±0.11 | 1.1358 | NS | ||
Pectoral fin movement | ||||||||
Cruising | ||||||||
Protraction magnitude (deg.) | 37.384±7.5413 | 0.45±0.03 | 48.0137±16.1412 | 0.40±0.09 | 0.7851 | NS | ||
Protraction duration (s) | 0.1296±0.021 | 0.42±0.22 | 0.164±0.0609 | 0.62±0.25 | 0.2778 | NS | ||
Abduction magnitude (deg.) | 55.187±7.6716 | 0.32±0.1268 | 49.1985±4.6961 | 0.26±0.06 | 0.0781 | NS | ||
Abduction duration (s) | 0.1808±0.0484 | 0.43±0.3804 | 0.2453±0.0398 | 0.09±0.10 | 0.6748 | NS | ||
Braking | ||||||||
Protraction magnitude (deg.) | 48.2706±12.1341 | 0.31±0.07 | 85.1625±8.3506 | 0.37±0.13 | 10.595 | * | ||
Protraction onset (s) | −0.028±0.0205 | 1.57±0.96 | −0.0386±0.0104 | 0.85±0.27 | 0.0539 | NS | ||
Protraction duration (s) | 0.0933±0.0209 | 0.54±0.30 | 0.1126±0.0098 | 0.31±0.14 | 0.0462 | NS | ||
Abduction magnitude (deg.) | 41.8746±9.5154 | 0.55±0.28 | 46.0302±4.923 | 0.18±0.09 | 0.3334 | NS | ||
Abduction onset (s) | −0.0608±0.025 | 0.66±0.62 | 0.0032±0.013 | 3.88±2.28 | 2.7195 | NS | ||
Abduction duration (s) | 0.1104±0.0245 | 0.35±0.42 | 0.0664±0.0079 | 0.22±0.06 | 1.1101 | NS |
BL, body length.
Spatial and temporal kinematic values are means ± s.e.m., and the variability of these parameters is represented by the mean coefficient of variation (CV ± s.e.m.) taken from individuals and pooled for each species.
NS, P>0.05; *P<0.05; **P<0.01. There were no significant intraspecies differences.