Mean tongue position (mm), translation (mm) and deformation (%),recorded by high-speed fluoroscopy
| . | . | INIT (mm) . | MAX (mm) . | DIF (mm) . | REL (%) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M. hyoglossus: | (#9+#10)/2 | -80.1±16.61 | -74.8±17.05 | 5.3±0.99 | 10.8±0.5% |
| Anterior tongue: | #7-#8 | 11.0±0.35 | 17.7±1.24 | 6.7±1.32 | 60.5±13.0% |
| Posterior tongue: | #8-(#9+#10)/2 | 13.9±0.55 | 31.6±1.69 | 17.9±1.48 | 128.0±12.5% |
| Total tongue: | #7-(#9+#10)/2 | 24.9±0.54 | 49.3±2.32 | 24.5±2.45 | 98.0±10.6% |
| . | . | INIT (mm) . | MAX (mm) . | DIF (mm) . | REL (%) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M. hyoglossus: | (#9+#10)/2 | -80.1±16.61 | -74.8±17.05 | 5.3±0.99 | 10.8±0.5% |
| Anterior tongue: | #7-#8 | 11.0±0.35 | 17.7±1.24 | 6.7±1.32 | 60.5±13.0% |
| Posterior tongue: | #8-(#9+#10)/2 | 13.9±0.55 | 31.6±1.69 | 17.9±1.48 | 128.0±12.5% |
| Total tongue: | #7-(#9+#10)/2 | 24.9±0.54 | 49.3±2.32 | 24.5±2.45 | 98.0±10.6% |
The marker numbers #7-#10 coincide with the numbers in Fig. 1. Means ± s.d. are given for N=9 different tongue flick sequences. INIT, the initial (rest) position of the tongue (m. hyoglossus markers) and initial tongue length (mm); MAX, the position of the tongue (m. hyoglossus markers) and tongue length at maximum protrusion (mm); DIF, displacement of the tongue (m. hyoglossus markers) and tongue elongation from the initial position to maximum protrusion (mm); REL, displacement of the tongue (m. hyoglossus markers) and tongue elongation from the initial position to maximum protrusion expressed as a percentage of the initial tongue length.