Latencies (ms) between activation, strain and kinematic events of the lower jaw during suction feeding in largemouth bass
| . | Gape kinematic events . | . | . | . | Strain . | . | . | . | EMG activation . | . | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Fast . | Peak . | Closing onset . | Closed . | Onset . | Fast . | Peak . | Return . | Onset . | Offset . | |||||||
| Gape | |||||||||||||||||
| Slow | -36±6 | -62±6 | -90±10 | -135±12 | 3±4* | -42±6 | -90±7 | -135±13 | -27±7 | -94±12 | |||||||
| Fast | -26±1 | -55±5 | -98±6 | 33±4 | -6±5* | -54±2 | -99±8 | 9±2 | -58±7 | ||||||||
| Peak | -28±5 | -72±7 | 59±4 | 20±6 | -28±3 | -73±8 | 35±2 | -32±7 | |||||||||
| Closing onset | -44±3 | 87±6 | 49±8 | -0±3* | -45±4 | 64±5 | -3±3* | ||||||||||
| Closed | 131±8 | 93±8 | 44±5 | -1±2* | 107±7 | 41±3 | |||||||||||
| Strain | |||||||||||||||||
| Onset | -39±6 | -87±4 | -132±9 | -23±6 | -91±8 | ||||||||||||
| Fast | -49±6 | -93±10 | 15±7 | -52±9 | |||||||||||||
| Peak | -45±6 | 65±3 | -3±5* | ||||||||||||||
| Return | 108±8 | 41±4 | |||||||||||||||
| EMG onset | -67±6 | ||||||||||||||||
| . | Gape kinematic events . | . | . | . | Strain . | . | . | . | EMG activation . | . | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Fast . | Peak . | Closing onset . | Closed . | Onset . | Fast . | Peak . | Return . | Onset . | Offset . | |||||||
| Gape | |||||||||||||||||
| Slow | -36±6 | -62±6 | -90±10 | -135±12 | 3±4* | -42±6 | -90±7 | -135±13 | -27±7 | -94±12 | |||||||
| Fast | -26±1 | -55±5 | -98±6 | 33±4 | -6±5* | -54±2 | -99±8 | 9±2 | -58±7 | ||||||||
| Peak | -28±5 | -72±7 | 59±4 | 20±6 | -28±3 | -73±8 | 35±2 | -32±7 | |||||||||
| Closing onset | -44±3 | 87±6 | 49±8 | -0±3* | -45±4 | 64±5 | -3±3* | ||||||||||
| Closed | 131±8 | 93±8 | 44±5 | -1±2* | 107±7 | 41±3 | |||||||||||
| Strain | |||||||||||||||||
| Onset | -39±6 | -87±4 | -132±9 | -23±6 | -91±8 | ||||||||||||
| Fast | -49±6 | -93±10 | 15±7 | -52±9 | |||||||||||||
| Peak | -45±6 | 65±3 | -3±5* | ||||||||||||||
| Return | 108±8 | 41±4 | |||||||||||||||
| EMG onset | -67±6 | ||||||||||||||||
Values are means ± SEM for five individuals with 4-9 feedings per individual. See Fig. 3 for details.
Latency was not significantly different from zero in single t-test(P<0.05).