The Company of Biologists

Table 2.

Results of a MANOVA on the measured amounts of 13 different neurochemicals in the central nervous systems of final larval instar locusts subjected to different conditions of crowding or isolation

(A) Effect

Pillai's trace value

Hypothesis d.f.

Error d.f.

Intercept

0.995

1063.2

<0.001

Treatment

2.649

3.047

104

640

<0.001

Sex

0.252

1.889

0.045

Treatment×Sex

1.504

1.425

104

640

0.006

(B) Between subject effects Chemical

Model F_{17, 85}

Treatment F_{8, 85}

Sex F_{1, 85}

Treatment×Sex F_{8, 85}

Aspartate

3.44^***

5.14^***

10.23^**

0.55

Glutamate

3.53^***

4.69^***

10.66^**

1.18

Citrulline

3.54^***

5.09^***

0.48

2.21^*

Glycine

2.91^***

4.73^***

1.77

0.58

Arginine

3.35^***

2.76^**

12.26^***

2.17^*

Taurine

3.81^***

5.38^***

5.96^*

1.92

GABA

3.13^***

4.58^***

3.42

1.17

Acetylcholine

1.35

2.08^*

2.60

0.47

Octopamine

5.24^***

6.75^***

3.55

6.24^***

N-Acetyldopamine

1.11

0.81

1.34

0.87

Dopamine

1.94^*

2.46^*

0.11

1.00

Tyramine

1.77^*

2.88^**

0.025

0.73

Serotonin

1.571

2.29^*

0.69

0.66

MANOVA, multivariate analysis of variance.

P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001.

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