Mean ± s.d. of tongue angles in each quadrant for six individuals of Phrynomerus bifasciatus, together with the results of a t-test examining the effect on aiming after right unilateral M. genioglossus denervation on one individual
| Individual . | Quadrant A (—105° to —46°) . | Quadrant B (—45° to —6°) . | Quadrant C (—5° to +5°) . | Quadrant D (+6° to +45°) . | Quadrant E (+46° to +105°) . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | |||||||
| 1 | —57.0±10.9 | —33.8±8.5 | 0.4±0.5 | +32.2±8.4 | +62.0±14.8 | ||
| 2 | —51.2±3.0 | —32.8±8.9 | 0.8±0.8 | +32.4±6.1 | +57.8±4.3 | ||
| 3 | —60.0±1.4 | —33.0±3.4 | 2.0±2.1 | +37.3±4.6 | +67.5±20.0 | ||
| 4 | —60.2±18.2 | —36.4±6.9 | 0.2±0.4 | +32.6±3.5 | +84.2±21.3 | ||
| 5 | —52.2±5.6 | —30.4±8.2 | 1.0±1.4 | +35.4±8.1 | +51.0±5.5 | ||
| 6 | —55.3±11.4 | —30.5±9.5 | 0.8±1.3 | +36.8±5.1 | +62.3±6.3 | ||
| After right unilateral M. genioglossus denervation | |||||||
| 3 | +30.0±16.5* | +38.0±9.4* | +34.6±4.0* | +38.6±5.9 | +64.3±19.0 | ||
| Individual . | Quadrant A (—105° to —46°) . | Quadrant B (—45° to —6°) . | Quadrant C (—5° to +5°) . | Quadrant D (+6° to +45°) . | Quadrant E (+46° to +105°) . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | |||||||
| 1 | —57.0±10.9 | —33.8±8.5 | 0.4±0.5 | +32.2±8.4 | +62.0±14.8 | ||
| 2 | —51.2±3.0 | —32.8±8.9 | 0.8±0.8 | +32.4±6.1 | +57.8±4.3 | ||
| 3 | —60.0±1.4 | —33.0±3.4 | 2.0±2.1 | +37.3±4.6 | +67.5±20.0 | ||
| 4 | —60.2±18.2 | —36.4±6.9 | 0.2±0.4 | +32.6±3.5 | +84.2±21.3 | ||
| 5 | —52.2±5.6 | —30.4±8.2 | 1.0±1.4 | +35.4±8.1 | +51.0±5.5 | ||
| 6 | —55.3±11.4 | —30.5±9.5 | 0.8±1.3 | +36.8±5.1 | +62.3±6.3 | ||
| After right unilateral M. genioglossus denervation | |||||||
| 3 | +30.0±16.5* | +38.0±9.4* | +34.6±4.0* | +38.6±5.9 | +64.3±19.0 | ||
Aiming was significantly (P<0.05) affected in quadrants A, B and C, in which the tongue consistently deviated towards the intact side(animal's right side)