The Company of Biologists

Table 2.

Kinematic parameters of a `standard' locust wing stroke

`Standard' stroke kinematic parameters (degrees)	Forewing	Hindwing
b	33	29
\({\varphi}\)	68	110
γ̄	90	88

`Standard' locust wing stroke as defined by Weis-Fogh(1956a).

b, stroke plane angle;

\({\varphi}\)

⁠, total stroke excursion;γ̄, mean positional angle of the wings,defined as the mean angle between the long axis of the wing and the z-axis.