Summary of mechanical properties in cortical locations of equine third metacarpals
| Test mode . | Cortical region . | N . | Elastic modulus (GPa) . | Yield stress (MPa) . | Yield strain (%) . | Ultimate stress (MPa) . | Ultimate strain (%) . | Physiological stress (MPa) . | Yield safety factor . | Ultimate safety factor . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tension | Cranio-lateral (T) | 12 | 17.81±1.86 | 148.59±15.45 | 1.00±0.07 | 161.20±17.73 | 3.38±0.79 | 3.95±0.32 | 37.72±3.49 | 40.93±4.18 |
| Caudo-medial (C) | 17 | 17.26±2.21 | 148.07±2.21 | 1.02±0.15 | 163.85±17.02 | 3.73±0.84 | 37.13±4.84 | 4.04±0.62 | 4.46±0.59 | |
| Compression | Cranio-lateral (T) | 20 | 11.88±3.04 | 172.04±20.79 | 1.76±0.50 | 182.87±16.54 | 2.89±2.50 | 2.65±0.67 | 68.89±20.09 | 73.86±23.35 |
| Caudo-medial (C) | 20 | 12.98±2.56 | 157.71±23.25 | 1.45±0.15 | 170.28±15.13 | 2.11±0.49 | 28.00±5.39 | 5.71±0.70 | 6.23±0.89 | |
| Lateral (C)(C,T?)* | 10 | 13.92±4.56 | 158.57±40.01 | 1.39±0.20 | 174.38±17.89 | 1.93±0.86 | 11.36±3.72 | 14.39±2.61 | 17.39±8.22 | |
| Cranio-medial (C) | 10 | 14.30±2.76 | 185.68±23.85 | 1.53±0.14 | 191.54±21.72 | 2.00±0.57 | 3.46±0.67 | 54.45±5.98 | 56.45±7.91 |
| Test mode . | Cortical region . | N . | Elastic modulus (GPa) . | Yield stress (MPa) . | Yield strain (%) . | Ultimate stress (MPa) . | Ultimate strain (%) . | Physiological stress (MPa) . | Yield safety factor . | Ultimate safety factor . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tension | Cranio-lateral (T) | 12 | 17.81±1.86 | 148.59±15.45 | 1.00±0.07 | 161.20±17.73 | 3.38±0.79 | 3.95±0.32 | 37.72±3.49 | 40.93±4.18 |
| Caudo-medial (C) | 17 | 17.26±2.21 | 148.07±2.21 | 1.02±0.15 | 163.85±17.02 | 3.73±0.84 | 37.13±4.84 | 4.04±0.62 | 4.46±0.59 | |
| Compression | Cranio-lateral (T) | 20 | 11.88±3.04 | 172.04±20.79 | 1.76±0.50 | 182.87±16.54 | 2.89±2.50 | 2.65±0.67 | 68.89±20.09 | 73.86±23.35 |
| Caudo-medial (C) | 20 | 12.98±2.56 | 157.71±23.25 | 1.45±0.15 | 170.28±15.13 | 2.11±0.49 | 28.00±5.39 | 5.71±0.70 | 6.23±0.89 | |
| Lateral (C)(C,T?)* | 10 | 13.92±4.56 | 158.57±40.01 | 1.39±0.20 | 174.38±17.89 | 1.93±0.86 | 11.36±3.72 | 14.39±2.61 | 17.39±8.22 | |
| Cranio-medial (C) | 10 | 14.30±2.76 | 185.68±23.85 | 1.53±0.14 | 191.54±21.72 | 2.00±0.57 | 3.46±0.67 | 54.45±5.98 | 56.45±7.91 |
Values are means ± S.D.; N=number of specimens.
T, specimen obtained from a bone region subject to habitually prevalent tensile strains.
C, specimen obtained from a bone region subject to habitually prevalent compressive strains.
This region may receive predominant tension at higher gait speeds.