The Company of Biologists

Table 4.

Mean values of time budget data for similar respirometer studies with Aythya species diving to similar depths

Aythya species	Depth (m)	Dive time (s)	Surface time (s)	Mean total oxygen uptake during surface interval (ml)	Study
A. fuligula	1.8	15.6	14.0	16.63	Present study
A. fuligula	1.7	14.4	16.1	16.2	Woakes and Butler (1983)
A. fuligula	0.6	18.9	11.6	12.1	Bevan and Butler(1992)^{^*,^a}
A. fuligula	0.6	16.2	12.8	16.4	Bevan and Butler(1992)^{^*,^b}
A. affinis	1.5	13.5	16.3	18.6	Stephenson (1994)
A. fuligula	1.5	15.9	17.9	-	S. Wallace (unpublished)

Aythya species	Depth (m)	Dive time (s)	Surface time (s)	Mean total oxygen uptake during surface interval (ml)	Study
A. fuligula	1.8	15.6	14.0	16.63	Present study
A. fuligula	1.7	14.4	16.1	16.2	Woakes and Butler (1983)
A. fuligula	0.6	18.9	11.6	12.1	Bevan and Butler(1992)^{^*,^a}
A. fuligula	0.6	16.2	12.8	16.4	Bevan and Butler(1992)^{^*,^b}
A. affinis	1.5	13.5	16.3	18.6	Stephenson (1994)
A. fuligula	1.5	15.9	17.9	-	S. Wallace (unpublished)

Ducks were trained to dive for set durations using a system of computer-controlled lights.

Summer acclimated birds.

Winter acclimated birds.