... transporters, including cotransporters, uniporters and antiporters, facilitate the absorption of dissolved amino acids (often against concentration gradients). Although there is a lack of mechanistic and molecular characterization of such transporters, pathways for the direct uptake of amino acids from...

...Monica D. Poteat; Mauricio Díaz-Jaramillo; David B. Buchwalter SUMMARY Despite their ecological importance and prevalent use as ecological indicators, the trace element physiology of aquatic insects remains poorly studied. Understanding divalent metal transport processes at the water–insect...

... vasodilatation is found, mediated by secondary release of nitric oxide or prostacyclin. In fishes, gill extrusion of NaCl is inhibited by UII, but a single study has determined that UT is expressed in gill vasculature, not on the epithelium that mediates the transport. To begin to clarify the pathways involved...

... characterized the transport properties of four aquaporins localized to osmoregulatory organs – gill,esophagus, intestine and kidney. By sequence comparison these four AQP orthologs resemble human AQP1 (eel AQP1), AQP3 (eel AQP3) and AQP10 (AQPe). The fourth member is a duplicate form of AQP1 (AQP1dup) thought...

... upregulation of tissue morphology, intestinal nutrient transport rates and enzyme activities illustrate, for the python, the matched regulation of their gastrointestinal performance with each meal. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is an equally amenable system to study matched responses to changes in demand...

... of the goldenrod gall fly Eurosta solidaginis Fitch (Diptera, Tephritidae). From September to December, hemolymph osmolality(455-926 mOsmol kg l -1 ) and freezing tolerance increased markedly in field-collected larvae. Chlorophenol Red was readily transported into the lumen of the foregut, the posterior portion...

...Michele G. Wheatly; Yongping Gao SUMMARY This article will review the utility of comparative animal models in understanding the molecular biology of ion transport. Due to the breadth of this field some `disclaimers' need to be established up front. `Comparative'will be defined as non-mammalian...

...@ualberta.ca ) * Present address: Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton,Ontario, Canada 17 12 2003 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 mitochondria-rich cells MR cells sodium transport Na + /K + -ATPase H + -ATPase rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss...

... intracellular molecular movement transport diffusion perfusion survival cytomatrix cytosol The cell is the crucible of life. In it, molecules move or are moved. Some are moving `randomly', driven by thermal energy; others are directed(convected). The same is true at the macro level. We have long...

...-populations was performed to determine which displayed acid-activated phenamil- and bafilomycin-sensitive Na + uptake. Analysis of the mechanism(s) of 22 Na + influx was performed in control and acid-activated (addition of 10 mmoll -1 proprionic acid) cells using a variety of Na + transport inhibitors...

...Pamela Chavez-Crooker; Nestor Garrido; Gregory A. Ahearn SUMMARY Mechanisms of copper transport into purified mitochondrial suspensions prepared from the hepatopancreas of the Atlantic lobster Homarus americanus were investigated. Mitochondria were purified by combining methods of differential...

... of zinc alone. Alterations in zinc transport were not correlated with changes in levels of free zinc ion. The chemical nature of the zinc–amino acid chelate, rather than the chelation itself, appeared to have the most important influence upon zinc absorption. l -histidine, despite a strong zinc-chelating...

... to cleft closure. When interpreted within the framework of established principles of enzyme catalysis, this information on the structure and dynamics of the H + P-ATPase molecule provides the basis of a rational model for the sequence of events that occurs as the ATPase proceeds through its transport cycle...

... partially (up to 39 %) inhibited lactate uptake, suggesting the involvement of a monocarboxylate carrier. The anion transport inhibitor 4-acetoamido-4′-isothiocyanstilbene-2,2′-disulphonic acid (SITS) and the monocarboxylate transport inhibitor α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (CHC) stimulated apparent lactate...

...Rachel D. Behnke; Liz Busquets-Turner; Gregory A. Ahearn ABSTRACT Transport of D-[3H]glucose into lobster ( Homarus americanus ) brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMVs) prepared by Mg 2+ precipitation from antennal gland labyrinth–coelomosac tissue was examined. Influx of D-glucose occurred...

...Marcel J. C. Bijvelds; Joan A. Van Der Velden; Zvonimir I. Kolar; Gert Flik ABSTRACT The magnesium handling of freshwater teleost fish is discussed, with an emphasis on the role of branchial, intestinal and renal transport. In response to the eminent threat of constant diffusive losses of minerals...

... division cycle gene CDC1 . The mutant could be suppressed by overexpression of the SMF1 gene, which codes for a plasma membrane Mn 2+ transporter. We observed that the yeast SMF1 gene shares homology with the mouse Nramp gene. Nramp ( Bcg ) was cloned as a gene responsible for mouse resistance to infection...

...Shimon Schuldiner; Mario Lebendiker; Hagit Yerushalmi ABSTRACT EmrE is an Escherichia coli multidrug transporter which confers resistance to a wide variety of toxicants by actively removing them in exchange for hydrogen ions. EmrE is a highly hydrophobic 12 kDa protein which has been purified...

...Stephen T. Kinsey; W. Ross Ellington ABSTRACT Proton ( 1 H) and phosphorus ( 31 P) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to investigate the mode of transport of L-lactate across the plasma membranes of the abdominal extensor muscles of the spiny lobster Panulirus argus...

... Goldstein , L. , Luer , C. A. and Blum , P. C. ( 1993 ). Taurine transport characteristics of the embryonic skate ( Raja eglanteria ) heart . J. exp. Biol. 182 , 291 – 295 . 10.1242/jeb.182.1.291 Jackson , P. S. and Strange , K. ( 1993 ). Volume-sensitive anion...