...@lifesci.ucsb.edu ) 19 10 2010 © 2011. 2011 chemoautotrophy photoautotrophy symbiosis Cnidaria Anthozoa Riftia oxygen consumption hemoglobin sulfide The deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities were discovered in 1977 and immediately recognized as radically different ecosystems...

...David W. Kraus; Jeannette E. Doeller SUMMARY Some organisms that survive in environments rich in hydrogen sulfide possess specific metabolic pathways for sulfide oxidation and subsequent use of reducing equivalents in oxidative phosphorylation, a process called chemolithoheterotrophy. This process...

... Lamellibrachia cf luymesi are symbiotic with chemolithoautotrophic bacteria that produce sulfate and protons as end-products. In this report, we examine the relationship between symbiont metabolism and host proton equivalent elimination in R. pachyptila and L. cf luymesi , and the effects of sulfide exposure...

...) relies upon internal chemolithoautotrophic bacterial symbionts to support its large size and high growth rates. Because of this, R. pachyptila must supply sulfide to the bacteria, which are far removed from the external medium. Internal ΣH 2 S ([H 2 S+HS − +S 2− ]) can reach very high levels in R...

...David W. Kraus; Jeannette E. Doeller; C. Stephen Powell ABSTRACT The clam Solemya reidi , which survives in sulfide-rich sediments, houses intracellular sulfide-oxidizing bacteria as symbionts in its gills. The gill bacteriocytes also contain a high concentration of cytoplasmic hemoglobin. Although...