...: Although the sternohyoideus muscle shortens to generate small amounts of power, bluegill sunfish require large regions of axial musculature – operating at or near maximum power output – to power suction feeding. XROMM Fluoromicrometry Muscle work Muscle power Shortening velocity Fish can...

... properties. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no musculoskeletal model of a small primate that explains the mechanical output during jumping from the properties of muscle fibres and the way they are embedded in the musculoskeletal system. Biomechanics Muscle power Muscle work Mass...

... consistent among and between animals. Muscles that recover a large amount of energy from storage in tendons may show little change in muscle work with increases in running or hopping speed. For example, the LG and plantaris of wallabies exhibit only a slight increase in positive work with an increase...

... of Biologists Limited 2005 2005 Equus caballus locomotion biomechanics elastic strain energy energy storage muscle work The horse has outstanding locomotor abilities. Top racing horses can cover a distance of 1 mile at an average speed of some 15 m s -1 , while top show jumping horses can...

...±0.20 J kg -1 for the five highest accelerations(4.86±0.27 m s -2 ). Ankle work was –0.21±0.11 J kg -1 for the lowest accelerations and 0.71±0.28 J kg -1 for the highest. The high work output at the ankle is consistent with the idea that elastic mechanisms function to increase muscle work during...

...: Oregon State University, Zoology Department, 3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA (e-mail: robertst@bcc.orst.edu ) 10 4 2003 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2003 2003 locomotion muscle work muscle power jumping frog Rana catesbeiana elastic tendon acceleration...

... 2003 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2003 2003 mechanical efficiency cross-bridge skeletal muscle caged Ca 2+ isotonic shortening muscle work ATP utilization rabbit Muscle contraction is caused by attachment–detachment cycle between the cross-bridges on the thick...

... terrestrial 32.4 W kg − 1 ) largely reflected difference in work per cycle. Tendon elastic energy savings was a small fraction (<5 %) of the work performed by the muscle, consistent with a fiber–tendon design of these two muscles that favors muscle work to produce limb movement with little tendon strain...

... bumblebee can produce at least 100 W kg −1 . * e-mail: rkjoseph@uci.edu . 03 02 1997 © The Company of Biologists Limited 1997 bumblebee Bombus terrestris muscle flight muscle muscle work power Three complementary approaches have been used to determine...

... seem to allocate power in excess of the minimum aerodynamic power not only for climbing but also for maintaining a forward speed faster than the minimum power speed. Given provisional estimates of flight muscle masses and wingbeat frequencies, the mass-specific sustained muscle work for the different...