... dorsal body muscles – to produce large neurocranial elevation and powerful suction feeding. XROMM Fluoromicrometry Muscle strain Buccal pressure Body shape Buccal volume National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 DBI-1612230 DGE-1644760 DBI-1661129 IOS...

... cannot parse muscle versus tendon length changes, nor reveal muscle strain behavior. To determine the relative contribution of muscle length changes to MTU length changes, we can quantify muscle strain through in vivo measurements such as ultrasound or sonomicrometry and reveal the functional role...

... the manuscript. Competing interests The authors declare no competing financial interests. 28 8 2013 9 12 2013 © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Cleithrum Hypaxial Muscle strain Prey capture XROMM Suction feeding in fish requires substantial...

... * Author for correspondence (e-mail: thigham@fas.harvard.edu ) 30 4 2008 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2008 2008 synergist running locomotion bird guinea fowl bipedal muscle sonomicrometry electromyography muscle work muscle strain dynamic stiffness Animal...

... and power production were measured in isolated bundles of red fibres from 0.5 L by the work loop technique. Power was maximal at 3–4 Hz and fell to less than 50% of maximum after 6 Hz. Based on the timing of activation, muscle strain, tail beat frequencies and forces in the caudal tendon while swimming, we...

... and agility over a variety of conditions. † Author for correspondence (e-mail: abiewener@oeb.harvard.edu ) * Both authors contributed equally to the work 12 6 2007 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 EMG force muscle strain spring-mass work Prior studies...

... for the analysis of midline kinematics to estimate the degree of muscle strain that occurs during body deformation. Comparison of these data was used to examine the phase relationship between local muscle shortening and local body bending during unsteady, large amplitude maneuvers. Our analysis finds that muscle...

... of prey capture among aquatic vertebrates. (e-mail: mcqcarroll@ucdavis.edu ) 31 12 2004 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 suction feeding largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides muscle function sonomicrometry electromyography muscle strain Muscles generate...

...Jeanine M. Donley; Robert E. Shadwick SUMMARY Patterns of red muscle strain and activation were examined at three positions along the body (0.42, 0.61 and 0.72 L , where L is total body length) and correlated with simultaneous measurements of midline kinematics during steady swimming (approx. 1.0 L...

... the aerobic swimming muscle in tunas, while force transmission is provided primarily by connective tissue structures, such as skin and tendons, rather than by muscles performing negative work. We also compared measured muscle length changes with midline curvature (as a potential index of muscle strain...

... in the timing of the first peak in body curvature and muscle strain along the length of the body. Modelling studies related the rate of body bending to the muscle torque and hydrodynamic resistance of the fish. The muscle torque produced on the spine was greatest in the central region of the trunk...

...James M. Wakeling; Ian A. Johnston ABSTRACT White muscle strains were recorded using sonomicrometry techniques for 70 fast-starts in the common carp Cyprinus carpio L. High-speed ciné images were recorded simultaneously for 54 of these starts, and muscle strain was calculated independently from...

...David J. Coughlin; Lexia Valdes; Lawrence C. Rome ABSTRACT Recent attempts to determine how fish muscles are used to power swimming have employed the work loop technique (driving isolated muscles using their in vivo strain and stimulation pattern). These muscle strains have in turn been determined...

... Myoxocephalus scorpius skeletal muscle muscle strain muscle power output temperature acclimation During cyclic undulatory swimming, the length fluctuations of axial muscle fibres in several fish have been observed to be approximately sinusoidal (e.g. Hess and Videler, 1984 ; van Leeuwen et al...