...: Academic Press. Borrell, B. J., Goldbogen, J. A. and Dudley, R. ( 2005 ). Aquatic wing flapping at low Reynolds numbers: swimming kinematics of the Antarctic pteropod, Clione Antarctica. J. Exp. Biol. 208 , 2939 -2949. Boyle, P. and Rodhouse, P. ( 2005 ). Cephalopods: Ecology and Fisheries...

... were mounted on a sled to mimic the protrusion of filters away from an animal's body or from the substratum, and were towed through a vat of syrup to generate relative fluid motion at low Reynolds numbers ( Re <10 –3 , based on cylinder diameter and tow speed). Flow between filter elements...

... , S. , Kawachi , K. , Watanabe , I. and Azuma , A. ( 1993 ). Performance of a butterfly in take-off flight . J. Exp. Biol . 183 , 249 – 277 . 10.1242/jeb.183.1.249 Tamada , K. and Fujikawa , H. ( 1959 ). The steady flow of viscous fluid at low Reynolds numbers...

... effects low Reynolds number olfaction arthropod biomechanics antenna filter feeding Many animals from different phyla use structures bearing arrays of hairs to perform a variety of important functions, such as olfaction, gas exchange, suspension feeding, locomotion and ventilation ( Fig. 1...