...Aimee Ellison; Amara Pouv; Douglas A. Pace ABSTRACT Food-induced morphological plasticity, a type of developmental plasticity, is a well-documented phenomenon in larvae of the echinoid echinoderm, Dendraster excentricus . A recent study in our lab has shown that this morphological plasticity...

...-induced phenotypes. The exposure did not alter body length, body and organ mass or condition factor in the P 0 groups. However, the P 0 fecundity of both sexes decreased in proportion to the amount of oil fed. The F 1 larvae from each P 0 were then exposed from 3 hpf to 5 dpf to oil in their ambient water...

... that although the general structure of the heart and its ostia are similar across life stages, the heart-associated alary muscles are significantly less robust in larvae. Furthermore, unlike the adult ostia, which are the entry points for hemolymph into the heart, the larval ostia are almost entirely lacking...

.... Transparent, pelagic animals must therefore deal with the trade-off between the ability to see and the ability of other animals to see them. Stomatopod larvae, like many transparent crustaceans, possess specialized optics in their compound eyes that minimize the volume of the opaque retina. Though the volumes...

... embryos and larvae and optimized several techniques for measuring hematological parameters on microliter (0.5–2.0 μl) blood samples. In chronic hypoxia (30% of oxygen saturation), stage-matched embryos and larvae possessed half the Hb concentration, erythrocyte counts and hematocrit observed in normoxia...

...Peter J. Simmons; Julieta Sztarker; F. Claire Rind SUMMARY Insect larvae clearly react to visual stimuli, but the ability of any visual neuron in a newly hatched insect to respond selectively to particular stimuli has not been directly tested. We characterised a pair of neurons in locust larvae...

... functions of their skin. * Author for correspondence ( stanley.hillyard@unlv.edu ) 10 2 2010 © 2010. 2010 amphibian larva skin The skin of larval bullfrogs, Rana ( Lithobates ) catesbeiana , contributes little to the exchange of solutes with the environment ( Alvarado...

...Peter Rombough; Holly Drader SUMMARY The role of hemoglobin (Hb) in O 2 uptake by zebrafish larvae ranging in age from 5 to 42 days postfertilization was assessed under conditions of normoxia, moderate hypoxia and extreme hypoxia. This was achieved by exposing larvae with and without functional Hb...

... dramatically during acid exposure. In alkaline media, drinking rates were quite low. Larvae in pH 11 media excreted net acid (0.12 nequiv H + g –1 h –1 ) and the pH indicators azolitmin and bromothymol blue revealed that the rectal lumen is acidic in vivo at all ambient pH values. The anal papillae (AP) were...

...D. John Martell; James D. Kieffer Muscle development and growth were investigated in haddock larvae( Melanogrammus aeglefinus L.) incubated under controlled temperatures(4, 6, 8°C) and reared post-hatch through yolk-dependent and exogenous-feeding stages in a 6°C post-hatch environment. Changes...

... transport function of key osmoregulatory organs. RT-PCR assays indicate that, at the level of the gene,both ATPases are expressed in all of the osmoregulatory tissues of larvae(midgut, Malpighian tubules, rectum and anal papillae) and adults (stomach,Malpighian tubules, anterior hindgut and rectum...

... with specific gut structure by examining the relationship between defensive behavior and gut morphology in the larvae of 36 butterfly and moth species. My analysis shows that predilection to defensively regurgitate is closely associated with fore- and midgut morphology. Species that primarily regurgitate...

..., by means of in situ hybridisation, the developmental expression of a large repertoire of muscle-specific genes in trout larvae from hatching to yolk resorption. At hatching, transcripts for fast and slow muscle protein isoforms, namely myosins, tropomyosins, troponins and myosin binding protein C were...

...Douglas A. Pace; Donal T. Manahan SUMMARY Defining the physiological mechanisms that set metabolic rates and the`cost of living' is important for understanding the energy costs of development. Embryos and larvae of the sea urchin Lytechinus pictus (Verrill) were used to test hypotheses regarding...

... and their substrates. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: pjl@whitney.ufl.edu ) 20 9 2004 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 GPI-linked carbonic anhydrase mosquito larva Aedes Anopheles muscle alkaline gut Some larval insects such as mosquitoes and some...

... implications. As larvae, zebrafish alternate their pectoral fins during slow swimming (0.011±0.001 mm ms –1 ) in conjunction with axial undulations of the same frequency (18–28 Hz). During fast swimming (0.109±0.030 mm ms –1 ; 36–67 Hz), the fins are tucked against the body and propulsion occurs by axial...

... allatostatin allatotropin anterior stomach head peptide larva midgut mosquito neuropeptide F peristalsis proctolin transepithelial voltage In addition to its conventional roles in food digestion and nutrient absorption, the stomach of mosquito larvae is of critical importance for ionic...

...H. Onken; S. B. Moffett; D. F. Moffett SUMMARY The lumen-negative transepithelial voltage ( V te ) of the isolated and perfused anterior stomach of mosquito larvae ( Aedes aegypti ) was studied with a `semi-open' preparation in which one end of the gut was ligated onto a perfusion pipette...

...Li-Yih Lin; Pung-Pung Hwang SUMMARY Mitochondria-rich cells (MRCs) in the yolk-sac membrane of tilapia( Oreochromis mossambicus ) larvae were examined by Na + /K + -ATPase immunocytochemistry and vital staining for glycoproteins following acclimation to high (7.5–7.9 mmol l –1 ), normal (0.48–0.52...

...John Brackenbury SUMMARY The kinematics and hydrodynamics of free-swimming mayfly larvae( Chloeon dipterum ) were investigated with the aid of a simple wake visualisation technique (tracer dyes) and drag measurements on dead insects. The basic swimming movement consists of a high-amplitude dorso...