... with it in naturally freeze-tolerant insects. Here, we show that nuclear DNA fragmentation begins to occur in larval haemocytes of two fly species, Chymomyza costata and Drosophila melanogaster , before or at the same time as the sub-zero temperature is reached that causes irreparable freezing injury and mortality...

... range of plant species without the need for extreme investment in even larger ant workers. Allometric scaling Biomechanics Foraging Insects European Research Council Horizon 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010661 851705 Imperial College London http://dx.doi.org...

...Anna Cressman; Etya Amsalem ABSTRACT Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is commonly used to immobilize insects and to induce reproduction in bees. However, despite its wide use and potential off-target impacts, its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we used Bombus impatiens to examine...

... observation of locomotion through obstacles as large as animals over a long time and distance. Complex terrain Obstacle traversal Laboratory platform Experimental platform Insects Terradynamics Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000997 National...

...Lukáš Kučera; Martin Moos; Tomáš Štětina; Jaroslava Korbelová; Petr Vodrážka; Lauren Des Marteaux; Robert Grgac; Petr Hůla; Jan Rozsypal; Miloš Faltus; Petr Šimek; Radislav Sedlacek; Vladimír Koštál ABSTRACT Insects that naturally tolerate internal freezing produce complex mixtures of multiple...

...Pranav Sudersan; Michael Kappl; Bat-El Pinchasik; Hans-Jürgen Butt; Thomas Endlein ABSTRACT Many insects can climb smooth surfaces using hairy adhesive pads on their legs, mediated by tarsal fluid secretions. It was previously shown that a terrestrial beetle can even adhere and walk underwater...

... Pyrrhocoris apterus , an insect species that possesses only the mammalian cryptochrome (Cry II). Here, using the engineered Cry II null mutant, we show that: (i) vertebrate-like Cry II is an essential component of the magnetoreception response, and (ii) magnetic conditioning continues even after 25 h...

... in Drosophila melanogaster . Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 43 , 352 - 365 . 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.01.006 Cooper , B. S. , Williams , B. H. and Angilletta , M. J. ( 2008 ). Unifying indices of heat tolerance in ectotherms . J. Therm. Biol. 33 , 320 - 323 . 10.1016/j.jtherbio...

.... If the background was changed after training, there was an increase in response in the test, evincing context specificity in habituation. Funding This work was supported by IBIAL (Integrative Biology of Insects Affecting human Life; FP7 PEOPLE Marie Curie Actions IRSES 319015). A.L.P. was a postdoctoral...

... . Insects 11 , 537 . 10.3390/insects11080537 Bale , J. S. and Hayward , S. A. L. ( 2010 ). Insect overwintering in a changing climate . J. Exp. Biol. 213 , 980 - 994 . 10.1242/jeb.037911 Bale , J. S. , Block , W. and Worland , M. R. ( 2000 ). Thermal...

... insects, like parasitoids and their hosts, phenotypic plasticity and bet-hedging could be critical strategies for population and species persistence in response to immediate, intense and unpredictable temperature changes. Here, we focus on studies evaluating phenotypic responses to variable predictable...

...Roman Goulard; Cornelia Buehlmann; Jeremy E. Niven; Paul Graham; Barbara Webb ABSTRACT The natural scale of insect navigation during foraging makes it challenging to study under controlled conditions. Virtual reality and trackball setups have offered experimental control over visual environments...

... with climate change affects organisms across biological levels of organization. Insects may also respond to temperature changes through molecular and biochemical shifts. Transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches have uncovered the molecular mechanisms used to cope with extreme cold or heat stress...

...Marco Paoli; Hiroshi Nishino; Einat Couzin-Fuchs; C. Giovanni Galizia ABSTRACT The general architecture of the olfactory system is highly conserved from insects to humans, but neuroanatomical and physiological differences can be observed across species. The American cockroach, inhabiting dark...

...Edmundo Gassias; Nicolas Durand; Elodie Demondion; Thomas Bourgeois; Paleo Aguilar; Françoise Bozzolan; Stéphane Debernard ABSTRACT Most animal species, including insects, are able to modulate their responses to sexual chemosignals and this flexibility originates from the remodeling of olfactory...

... across Hermann's tortoise populations . J. Zool.   291 , 69 - 75 . 10.1111/jzo.12047 Graham , D. ( 1979 ). Effects of circum-oesophageal lesion on the behaviour of the stick insect Carausius morosus . Biol. Cybern.   145 , 139 - 145 . 10.1007/BF00337390 Hedrick , T. L...

.... melanogaster accomplishes long-distance navigation using celestial cues. We focus on behavioral and physiological studies indicating that fruit flies can navigate both to a pattern of linearly polarized light and to the position of the sun – the same cues utilized by more heralded insect navigators...

...Melissa C. Kenny; Matthew N. Giarra; Ellen Granata; John J. Socha ABSTRACT Hemolymph is responsible for the transport of nutrients and metabolic waste within the insect circulatory system. Circulation of hemolymph is governed by viscosity, a physical property, which is well known to be influenced...

... fidelity. This may be a general dispersal strategy for animals with no target destination. Navigation Dispersal Sun compass Central complex Insects To travel long distances, both human and animal navigators employ a similar strategy of proportional navigation in which they maintain...

...Stav Talal; Eran Gefen; Amir Ayali ABSTRACT Discontinuous gas exchange (DGE) is the best studied among insect gas exchange patterns. DGE cycles comprise three phases, which are defined by their spiracular state: closed, flutter and open. However, spiracle status has rarely been monitored directly...