...Amadeusz Bryla; Elisavet Zagkle; Edyta T. Sadowska; Mariusz Cichoń; Ulf Bauchinger ABSTRACT Eco-immunology considers resistance to antigens a costly trait for an organism, but actual quantification of such costs is not straightforward. Costs of the immune response are visible in impaired coloration...

... feeding. However, little is known about the endocrine and immune modulation in the postprandial period of ectothermic animals. This study investigated the effects of feeding on endocrine and immune responses in the bullfrog ( Lithobates catesbeianus ). Frogs were fasted for 10 days and divided into two...

... in the promoter region of a microbial surveillance gene, Toll-like Receptor 4 ( TLR4 ), which may allow invading birds to fine-tune their immune responses to unfamiliar parasites. Here, we compared TLR4 gene expression from whole blood, liver and spleen in house sparrows with different EP, first challenging some...

... of a simultaneous exposure to a long, strong stress stimulus with an immune response stimulation by administrating adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) after 42 h. Results showed that when both stimuli were administrated, FC concentrations, inflammation and some antioxidant activity were...

... and antioxidant capacity and, based on the literature, we know that JHa suppresses the immune response. We therefore suggest that juvenile hormone is a molecular mediator of the general health of males, which is reflected in their SSCs. Males of three age categories were used: juvenile, middle-aged mature...

... and effect of this relationship, measuring immune response once pre-fight and twice post-fight. Contrary to previous findings, pre-fight immune response did not predict fighting success, but rather predicted whether an individual used its weapons during the fight. Furthermore, weapon use and contest outcome...

... fiber restructuring. RAF kinase inhibitor protein and prostaglandin reductase increased during heat shock following constant 10°C and fluctuating 10–20°C, possibly inhibiting an immune response during heat shock. The results suggest that ATP supply, muscle fiber restructuring and immune responses...

... of the activation of an immune response, leading to oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA. Yet, it is unknown how long-lived organisms, especially mammals, cope with oxidative stress. Bats are known to carry a variety of zoonotic pathogens and at the same time are, despite their high mass-specific basal...

... exposed from birth to one of four temperature treatments: 23, 25 (control), 28 or 30°C. We measured brood survival and, at sexual maturity, male ornamentation, sperm traits and immune response. Our results show that increases in temperature result in guppies that have shorter, slower sperm...

.... Key functional groups upregulated include genes associated with muscle structure and function, the immune response, stress response, carbohydrate metabolism and egg production. We conclude that cold exposure has wide-ranging effects on gene expression in D. melanogaster and that increased duration...

... greater for low-quality than for high-quality individuals. Given the physiological functions of carotenoids, carotenoid-based ornaments could indicate individual immunocompetence, and possibly the ability to mount an immune response at a lower cost. We evaluated whether the red carotenoid-based coloration...

... functions, individuals might trade-off allocating these pigments to self-maintenance versus coloration. Carotenoids may act as scavengers of free radicals that are released during an immune response. Here, we experimentally assessed whether a local cell-mediated immune response affects circulating...

... ). Parasite-induced maternal response in a natural bird population. J. Anim. Ecol. 71 , 247 -252. Demas, G. E., Chefer, V., Talan, M. I. and Nelson, R. J. ( 1997 ). Metabolic costs of mounting an antigen-stimulated immune response in adult and aged C57BL/6J mice. Am. J. Physiol. 42 , R1631 -R1637...

...Pawel Brzęk; Marek Konarzewski SUMMARY Life history theory predicts that when resources are limited growing organisms are likely to trade an immune response for competing demands of growth. To test this we examined the effect of energy intake on body mass increments and an immune response in hand...

... division egg extracellular fertilization Hsp70 Hsc70 hypotonic shock mitosis nucleus nuclear envelope breakdown immune response Lytechinus variegatus sea urchin uptake wound response All cells respond to heat and other physiological stresses by the production of heat shock proteins...

...Irina S. Khokhlova; Marina Spinu; Boris R. Krasnov; A. Allan Degen SUMMARY We studied immune responses of the jird Meriones crassus to different flea species belonging to the same family. We used jirds maintained in an outdoor enclosure (enclosure; N =18) and parasitized by fleas Xenopsylla...