.... 11 7 2020 23 12 2020 © 2021. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2021 Summary: The human walk–run transition does not minimize energetic cost at moderate inclines, but does on steeper inclines (15 deg). Gait transition Locomotion Metabolic cost Uphill...

...-to-run transitions. Input of mechanical work is necessary in the walk-to-run transition even when decelerating. Walk Run Gait transition Joint work Limb work Among the most universal locomotor patterns is the transition from walking to running to move faster. Many studies have...

... freely over natural terrain are consistent with previous lab-based measures of locomotion. Nonetheless, ostriches, like humans, exhibit a gait-transition hysteresis that is not explained by steady-state locomotor dynamics and energetics. Further study is required to understand the dynamics of gait...

... of Biologists Ltd 2016 Summary: Interlimb asymmetry changes the walk–run transition speed on a split-belt treadmill with speed or direction differences between legs; leg muscle activation (neuromuscular effort) predicts both novel and normal transition speeds. Human locomotion Gait transition...

...-load’ hypothesis of the WRT. Mechanical parameters that provide an acute signal (peak moment and peak power) were more strongly associated with the gait transition than parameters that reflect the mechanical function across a portion of the stride. We found that both the ankle (peak instantaneous joint...

... of the data and the drafting and revising of the article. COMPETING INTERESTS No competing interests declared. 16 11 2012 8 5 2013 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 basal metabolic rate energetics gait transition gravidity life history respiratory...

... was characterized by a sudden increase in forward speed during the transition step, the so-called speed jump. The approach towards spontaneous gait transition was characterized by an acceleration of 0.5 m s −2 , but during the transition step (0.49 s; see supplementary material Table S1 ) there was a sudden...

... swimming performance by wild European sea bass in a constant acceleration test (CAT). Fish were challenged with four consecutive CATs with 5 min rest between trials. We measured maximum anaerobic speed at exhaustion ( U CAT ), gait transition speed from steady aerobic to unsteady anaerobic swimming ( U gt...

... and switch to undulatory swimming as their swimming speed increases. Maximum aerobic swimming speed ( U max ),labriform-undulatory gait transition speed ( U trans ) and the relationships between fin beat frequency and speed were measured at 14,18, 22, 26 and 30°C in bluegill acclimated to 22°C...

..., Neptune and Sasaki( Neptune and Sasaki, 2005 )suggested that the reduced force-generating ability of the plantar flexors during fast walking triggers the gait transition. Some or all of the plantar flexors contribute to body weight support and propulsion during gait( Gottschall and Kram, 2003 ; Neptune...

.... In this study we evaluated the effect of carrying loads on the locomotor energetics and gait transitions of the rodent Octodon degus running on a treadmill. Metabolic rate and cost of transport increased about 30% with a 20% increment in body mass. This increment was higher than expectations based on other...

... of these gait transitions. Seven subjects walked and ran on a motor-driven treadmill for 40s at speeds of 55, 70, 85, 100, 115, 130 and 145% of the preferred transition speed. The movements of subjects were videotaped, and surface electromyographic activity was recorded from seven major leg muscles. Resultant...

...: Embiotocidae) are made at the pectoral–caudal gait transition speed ( U p−c ). U p−c is considered to elicit physiologically equivalent levels of exercise in animals varying over 100-fold in body mass ( M b ) by virtue of dynamically similar pectoral fin movements (constant duty factor, length-specific stride...