... 2019 http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary : Blood flow rates determine artery sizes in mammals, independent of body mass. Artery Blood flow rate Circulation Da Vinci's rule Murray's law Wall shear stress The systemic arteries of mammals carry oxygenated...

...Daniel Brönnimann; Tiziana Annese; Thomas A. Gorr; Valentin Djonov ABSTRACT Nucleated circulating red blood cells (RBCs) of developing zebrafish, chick and mouse embryos can actively proliferate. While marrow- or organ-mediated erythropoiesis has been widely studied, transforming in vivo processes...

... observe in the bulbous chamber and anterior aorta of adult A. gambiae. Hemocytes are immune cells that circulate with the hemocoel or are attached to tissues (sessile). In adult mosquitoes, an infection induces the aggregation of hemocytes at the periostial regions of the heart ( King and Hillyer...

... the sauropod brain. The return venous circulation may have been protected from complete collapse by a structure akin to the vertebral venous plexus. We derive an equation relating neck height and mean arterial pressure, which indicates that with a mean arterial pressure similar to that of the giraffe...

... Insect respiration Circulation Tracheal pressure Tracheae Spiracles Oxygen Haemolymph Cyclic gas exchange Suction ventilation CO 2 release Macro-burst Flutter phase Water retention Insects breathe by a branching air tube system called the tracheae, formed by lateral segmental...

... of globin genes in daphnids. * Author for correspondence ( pirow@uni-muenster.de ) 16 10 2009 © 2010. 2010 oxygen transport computer modelling simulation haemoglobin respiration circulation Daphnia Crustacea One of the challenges of organismic biology is to understand...

... for forward and rearward flow and supplies the peripheral circulation through segmental efferent vessels. In comparison, the synchronous heart pumps less blood, most of which enters the segmental circulation. The heart sphincter, located in the posterior section of each heart segment, directs blood flow...

... to represent a model analogous to transitional adaptive states during the evolution of powered avian flight. To begin to reveal the aerodynamics of flap-running, we used digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) and measured air velocity, vorticity, circulation and added mass in the wake of chukar partridge...

...Jody M. Wujcik; George Wang; Joseph T. Eastman; Bruce D. Sidell SUMMARY We quantitatively assessed ocular vascular patterns of six Antarctic notothenioid fishes that vary in their expression of the circulating oxygen-binding protein, hemoglobin (Hb). Digital image analyses revealed marked...

... taught us much about the function of these proteins. Although absences of the proteins are fixed traits in icefishes, the losses do not appear to be of adaptive value. Contrary to some suggestions,loss of Hb has led to higher energetic costs for circulating blood, and losses of Mb have reduced cardiac...

... Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology,University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA 8 3 2005 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2005 2005 cardiovascular dynamics venous return ventilation cephalopoda mantle circulation systemic heart branchial heart...

... oxygen transport, reduced the critical ambient oxygen tension by approximately 50%. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: pirow@uni-muenster.de ) 22 3 2005 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2005 2005 Crustacea Branchiopoda Daphnia magna acclimation circulation growth...

... , 75 – 88 . 10.1242/jeb.137.1.75 Johansen , K. ( 1971 ). Comparative physiology: Gas exchange and circulation in fishes . Annu. Rev. Physiol. 33 , 569 – 612 . 10.1146/annurev.ph.33.030171.003033 Lennard , R. and Huddart , H. ( 1989 ). Purinergic modulation...

... pattern circulate hemolymph in the developing wings and legs. This hypothesis was tested in the present study by making simultaneous electromyographic recordings of APRM activity and contact thermographic recordings of hemolymph flow in pupal wings. APRM contractions and hemolymph flow were strictly...

...@zool.gu.se ) 14 4 1998 25 6 1998 © The Company of Biologists Limited 1998 teleost 5-hydroxytryptamine circulation blood vessel gill oxygen tension Pagothenia borchgrevinki The presence of both cholinergic and adrenergic control mechanisms in the branchial vasculature...

... of Biology, Northeastern University, 414 Mugar Building, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ‡ Present address: Institut Michel Pacha, Université de Lyon, La Seyne sur Mer, France. 3 4 1996 oxygen consumption fat oxidation carbohydrate oxidation circulation capillaries muscle mitochondria...

..., Groenenborgerlaan 171 U7, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. 15 11 1995 ©The Company of Biologists Limited 1996 Cancer magister crustacean activity circulation cardiac output heart rate blood flow ventilation pulsed-Doppler flowmeter Satisfying the increase in oxygen demand associated...

.... Their actions also differ from the actions of substance P previously observed in the cod, Gadus morhua , and possibly involve a neural reflex. 7 2 1994 ©The Company of Biologists Limited 1994 Oncorhynchus mykiss trout circulation gut tachykinins scyliorhinin The autonomic...

... deposition into the swimbladder. 17 12 1993 © 1994 by Company of Biologists 1994 Anguilla anguilla eel circulation blood flow blood pressure catecholamine rete mirabile swimbladder Many fish possess a gas-filled swimbladder as a hydrostatic organ. To retain neutral...

..., implies a direct effect of serotonin on the branchial vasculature (blocked by methysergide) as well as a secondary adrenergic effect acting via preceptors (unmasked by methysergide and blocked by sotalol) leading to vasodilation and hence the decrease in PVA. Since serotonin caused the circulating...