...Bin-Yan Hsu; Nina Cossin-Sevrin; Antoine Stier; Suvi Ruuskanen ABSTRACT The early-life environment is known to affect later-life health and disease, which could be mediated by the early-life programming of telomere length, a key hallmark of ageing. According to the fetal programming of telomere...

...Christian König; Bertram Gerber ABSTRACT Memory scores are dynamic across developmental stages. In particular, memory scores typically decrease from late adolescence into old age, reflecting complex changes in mnemonic and sensory-motor faculties, metabolic and motivational changes, and changes...

... and may be a mechanism through which growth rates affect postnatal telomere dynamics. Ageing Life history Telomeres Trade-offs Yellow-legged gull Telomeres are terminal DNA–protein complexes placed at end of linear chromosomes that play a key role in preventing genome degradation...

...Geoffrey A. Power; Sean Crooks; Jared R. Fletcher; Brian R. Macintosh; Walter Herzog ABSTRACT We investigated age-related changes to fascicle length, sarcomere length and serial sarcomere number (SSN), and how this affects passive force. Following mechanical testing to determine passive force...

... growth could come at a cost in terms of telomere loss ( Monaghan and Ozanne, 2018 ). Telomeres are repetitive non-coding sequences of DNA located at the ends of chromosomes that maintain genomic integrity and stability ( De Lange et al., 2006 ). Telomeres usually shorten with age, and this shortening...

...Andrew W. McCracken; Eleanor Buckle; Mirre J. P. Simons ABSTRACT Dietary restriction (DR) is a key focus in ageing research. Specific conditions and genotypes were recently found to negate lifespan extension by DR, questioning its universal relevance. However, the concept of dietary reaction norms...

... with different maximum lifespan potential (MLSP) and the longer-lived outgroup species Aphyosemion australe were studied to test whether they conform to the predictions of the longevity–homeoviscous adaptation (LHA) theory of ageing. Lipid analyses were performed in whole-fish samples and the peroxidation index...

... to the clearance of a broad spectrum of exogenous and endogenous toxicants and harmful metabolites, including the reactive lipid aldehyde byproducts of lipid peroxidation that are a hallmark of cellular ageing. Here, we tested whether declining transporter functionality may contribute to functional decline...

... (exposed and unexposed) with numbered leg flags for their identification. Nine eggs failed to hatch but hatching success did not differ among experimental groups (see Table S1 ). We blood sampled and measured all experimental chicks at two time points: day 1 and day 5 of age. Although near in time...

.../bj1280044Pc Beckman , K. B. and Ames , B. N. ( 1998 ). The free radical theory of aging matures . Physiol. Rev.   78 , 547 - 581 . 10.1152/physrev.1998.78.2.547 Corona , M. , Hughes , K. A. , Weaver , D. B. and Robinson , G. E. ( 2005 ). Gene expression patterns...

... Baerlocher , G. M. , Rice , K. , Vulto , I. and Lansdorp , P. M. ( 2007 ). Longitudinal data on telomere length in leukocytes from newborn baboons support a marked drop in stem cell turnover around 1 year of age . Aging Cell   6 , 121 - 123 . 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2006.00254.x...

... produced per muscle mass. Obesity and ageing have similar physiological consequences. The synergistic effects of obesity and ageing on muscle function may exacerbate morbidity and mortality. Important future research directions include determining: the relationship between time course of weight gain...

... senescence ageing Theories of ageing often predict that an organism's lifespan is heavily influenced by their investment in other life history traits earlier in life ( Stearns, 1992 ). In particular, large investments in reproduction are expected to lead to faster ageing. This trade-off may occur...

... of the Glanville fritillary butterfly ( Melitaea cinxia ). Measurements of MR peak showed significant repeatability. Senescence occurred only shortly before death. RMR showed a U-shaped relationship with age and very low repeatability. Intraspecific association between metabolic rates and lifespan was tested under...

...Ben Mulcahy; Lindy Holden-Dye; Vincent O'Connor SUMMARY Frailty is a feature of neuromuscular ageing. Here we provide insight into the relative contribution of pre- and postsynaptic dysfunction to neuromuscular ageing using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans . Assays of C. elegans motility...

...Andreas Behrends; Ricarda Scheiner SUMMARY Honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) are well known for their excellent learning abilities. Although most age groups learn quickly to associate an odor with a sucrose reward, newly emerged bees and old foragers often perform poorly. For a long time, the reason...

..., the Ott-Ahlqvist equation was applied. This equation can formulate the effects of multiple serum proteins on COP, according to their molecular mass. The COP values determined in chickens were lower than those previously found in mammals. COP s increased with age in males, and was higher in adult males...

...Eva E. R. Philipp; Maike Schmidt; Carina Gsottbauer; Alexandra M. Sänger; Doris Abele SUMMARY The decline of cellular and especially mitochondrial functions with age is,among other causes, held responsible for a decrease in physiological fitness and exercise capacity during lifetime. We...

...Børge Moe; Frédéric Angelier; Claus Bech; Olivier Chastel SUMMARY Ageing is associated with a decline in basal metabolic rate (BMR) in many species, including humans. The evolutionary and physiological causes underlying the relationship between age and BMR are poorly understood. Studies...

... of body mass(exponent between -0.08 and 0.08). This means that across species a gram of tissue on average expends about the same amount of energy before it dies regardless of whether that tissue is located in a shrew, a cow, an elephant or a whale. This fact led to the notion that ageing and lifespan...