... blood acidosis upon exhaustive exercise ( Richards et al., 2003a ), and they naturally experience a pronounced postprandial blood alkaline tide ( Wood et al., 2005 ; Box 5 ). The discovery that pendrin (slc26a4) is an HCO 3 − -excreting anion exchanger in renal β-intercalated cells that express...

... dives to great depths, while typically avoiding (or tolerating) hypoxia, hypercarbia, acidosis and decompression sickness (DCS). Over the last few decades, research has revealed that diving physiology is underdeveloped at birth. Here, I review the postnatal development of the body's oxygen stores...

...Sandra Fehsenfeld; Dennis Kolosov; Chris M. Wood; Michael J. O'Donnell ABSTRACT A recent study demonstrated that in response to a feeding-induced metabolic acidosis, goldfish ( Carassius auratus ) adjust epithelial protein and/or mRNA expression in their kidney tubules for multiple transporters...

... stress. pH regulation Alkaline tide Alkalosis Metabolism ATPase Acidosis Triakis semifasciata Energy Acid–base regulation is crucial for all organisms because it prevents homeostatic alterations that would negatively affect essential physiological functions including metabolism...

... treatment. Acidosis significantly decreased contractility by decreasing Ca 2+ sensitivity (pCa 50 ) and tension development ( P <0.001). Increasing [P i ] also decreased contractility by decreasing tension development at every pH level ( P <0.001) but, alone, did not affect Ca 2+ sensitivity ( P...

... ) led to cytoplasmic acidosis equivalent to 0.3–0.4 pH units irrespective of whether DCMU was present. Despite further seawater acidification over the duration of the experiment, the pH i of non-symbiotic coral cells did not change, though in host cells containing a symbiont cell the pH i recovered...

... effects of acidosis (pH 7.25) and chemical anoxia (1 mmol l –1 NaCN) on cardiac performance in severe hypoxia were also examined. Under normoxic conditions, cardiac performance and myocardial oxygen consumption rate were comparable to those of other teleosts. The tilapia heart maintained a routine...

...K. M. Gilmour; R. M. Euverman; A. J. Esbaugh; L. Kenney; S. F. Chew; Y. K. Ip; S. F. Perry SUMMARY African lungfish Protopterus annectens utilized both respiratory and metabolic compensation to restore arterial pH to control levels following the imposition of a metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. Acid...

... contribute to this bradycardia is unknown. We examined how temperature acclimation, oxygen deprivation,acidosis, hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia and adrenaline affect chronotropy in the turtle myocardium. We monitored spontaneous contraction rates of right-atrial preparations obtained from 21°C- and 5°C...

... in controlling rectal gland secretion in vitro . In vivo , acetazolamide inhibited Cl - secretion and decreased pHi in the rectal gland, but interpretation was confounded by an accompanying systemic respiratory acidosis, which would also have contributed to the inhibition. In the perfused gland, \batchmode...

... in ectothermic vertebrate hearts: hypoxia,acidosis, and low temperature. Physiol. Rev. 74 , 221 -258. Fabiato, A. and Fabiato, F. ( 1978 ). Effects of pH on myofilaments and sarcoplasmic reticulum of skinned cells from cardiac and skeletal muscles. J. Physiol. 276 , 233 -255. Farrell, A. P...

...- and 3.20-fold, respectively) and this effect was reversible since the kinase phosphorylation levels decreased upon reperfusing the heart with normal Tris–Tyrode's buffer. Extracellular acidosis also activated p38-MAPK moderately, but persistently (1.65-fold, at 1 min and 1.91-fold, at 60 min...

...Margarita A. Salas; Martín G. Vila-Petroff; Roque A. Venosa; Alicia Mattiazzi SUMMARY Hypercapnic acidosis produces a negative inotropic effect on myocardial contractility followed by a partial recovery that occurs in spite of the persistent extracellular acidosis. The underlying mechanisms...

... H + -ATPase Na + /K + -ATPase NHE acid infusion base infusion alkalosis acidosis The gills of marine elasmobranchs are an excellent model for studying the acid-base regulatory mechanism of fishes. While they are the principal acid-base regulatory organs ( Heisler,1988 ), they also have...

... lactate concentration after submergence was similar to the ratio observed in the incubated samples, suggesting that osteoderm lactate concentrations in vivo were equilibrated with circulating plasma levels. We conclude that caiman osteoderms sequester lactate during lactic acidosis and that the time...

...H. O. Pörtner; C. Bock; A. Reipschläger ABSTRACT Extracellular acidosis has been demonstrated to play a key role in the process of metabolic depression under long-term environmental stress, exemplified in the marine invertebrate Sipunculus nudus . These findings led to the hypothesis that acid–base...

... treatment, and their mean body temperatures did not differ from those of C animals at any time during the experiment. The results of this study suggest that the metabolic acidosis, but not the elevated blood lactate level, that follows exhausting exercise might play a role in the behavioral hypothermia...

...Alejandra E. Julio; Colin J. Montpetit; Steve F. Perry Summary The direct and modulating effects of acidosis on catecholamine secretion in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) were assessed in vivo using cannulated fish and in situ using a perfused cardinal vein preparation. In situ , acidosis...

...Sho Kakizawa; Toyoji Kaneko; Tetsuya Hirano ABSTRACT Somatolactin (SL) is a putative pituitary hormone of the growth hormone (GH)/prolactin (PRL) family in fish; its physiological function has yet to be determined. Acidosis was induced in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) by exposure to acidic...

...S. Aota; K. D. Holmgren; P. Gallaugher; D. J. Randall ABSTRACT Plasma catecholamine levels and gill ventilation were measured in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) during acidosis and hypoxia. There was an increase in both plasma catecholamines and ventilation correlated with the acidosis. Fish...