... hagfish. Summary: Hagfish ingest large meals (20% of body mass) by engulfment, swallowing rapidly through the velar chamber into the intestine, followed by elevated oxygen consumption and utilization, and complex changes in ventilation. DICE micro-CT Engulfment Gill pouches Oxygen...

... of this clade, relative to other elongate vertebrates. However, these behaviors may have simultaneously hindered lung ventilation such that early snakes may have had to circumvent these mechanical constraints before those behaviors could evolve. Here, we demonstrate that Boa constrictor can modulate which...

...Michael T. Burton; Joseph M. Santin ABSTRACT Chemoreceptors that detect O 2 and CO 2 /pH regulate ventilation. However, recent work shows that lactate ions activate arterial chemoreceptors independent of pH to stimulate breathing. Although lactate rises in the central nervous system (CNS) during...

...Milica Mandic; Yihang K. Pan; Kathleen M. Gilmour; Steve F. Perry ABSTRACT Fish increase ventilation during hypoxia, a reflex termed the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR). The HVR is an effective mechanism to increase O 2 uptake, but at a high metabolic cost. Therefore, when hypoxia becomes severe...

... salinities, ventilation increased and heart rate fell in the classic manner, while Ṁ O 2 initially declined by ∼50%, with partial restoration by 3 h of hypoxia, and no O 2 debt repayment during recovery. Gill paracellular permeability (measured with [ 14 C] PEG-4000) was 1.4-fold higher in seawater...

... injection. HEA exposure (10 mmol l −1 NH 4 HCO 3 or 10 mmol l −1 NH 4 Cl) caused a persistent hyperventilation by 3 h, but further detailed analysis of the NH 4 HCO 3 response showed that initially (within 5 min) there was a marked decrease in ventilation (80% reduction in ventilatory index and nostril flow...

...Stav Talal; Amir Ayali; Eran Gefen ABSTRACT Large insects actively ventilate their tracheal system even at rest, using abdominal pumping movements, which are controlled by a central pattern generator (CPG) in the thoracic ganglia. We studied the effects of respiratory gases on the ventilatory...

...Sabine L. Lague; Beverly Chua; Luis Alza; Graham R. Scott; Peter B. Frappell; Yang Zhong; Anthony P. Farrell; Kevin G. McCracken; Yuxiang Wang; William K. Milsom ABSTRACT Many high-altitude vertebrates have evolved increased capacities in their oxygen transport cascade (ventilation, pulmonary...

... to drive ventilation inside them in very different environments, functioning as an external lung, with clear implications for human engineering. In principle, transient, sloshy flows alone can intermittently mix gas in the mound sufficiently to facilitate exchange between the nest and the environment...

... temperature in contrast to the typical α-stat regulating strategy of most other ectotherms. Given the importance of pH in the control of ventilation, we examined the CO 2 /H + sensitivity of neurons from the locus coeruleus (LC) region of monitor lizard brainstems. Whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology...

... at altitude exhibit a reduced metabolism and modestly increased ventilatory response, and also initiated cardiac responses earlier than geese reared at low altitude. Anser indicus Branta leucopsis Barnacle goose Ventilation Cardiac output Metabolic rate Oxygen uptake Stroke volume...

...Sam Van Wassenbergh; Iris Joris; Mathieu Desclée; Hon Jung Liew; Gudrun De Boeck; Dominique Adriaens; Peter Aerts ABSTRACT Many species from several different families of fishes perform mouthbrooding, where one of the sexes protects and ventilates the eggs inside the mouth cavity. This ventilation...

... depresses metabolic rate in blotched blue tongue lizards and limits exercise ability. Despite the developing fetuses compressing the lungs, gas diffusion ability was not altered. Ventilation Breathing pattern Oxygen consumption Gestation Lizard Reptile Pulmonary gas exchange Lung diffusion...

... 4 2014 20 8 2014 © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Thermoregulation Bombus terrestris Hypoxia Ventilation Metabolism Low oxygen (hypoxia) is well recognized for its influence on thermoregulation in animals ( Bicego et al., 2007 ). In numerous...

... of Schistocerca gregaria were significantly delayed compared with normoxic conditions. Exposure to hyperoxic conditions (40% O 2 , 60% N 2 ) resulted in a similar delay in forced ventilation. Together, these results indicate that limits to oxygen diffusion to the tissues during spiracle closure trigger...

... by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Mussel pump Ventilation Lateral cilia Filter-feeding bivalve MRI Mussels and other filter-feeding bivalves uptake a large amount of water from the inhalant aperture. The suspended particles are then filtered by the gill, and the water leaves from...

..., it is not clear how this event relates to gas flow through the tracheal system. We examined the relationship between respiratory airflow and spiracle activity in a ventilating insect, the hissing cockroach, Gromphadorhina portentosa , to better understand the complexity of insect respiratory function. Using...

...Li Zhang; C. Michele Nawata; Chris M. Wood SUMMARY Ammonia has been documented as a respiratory gas that stimulates ventilation, and is sensed by peripheral neuroepithelial cells (NECs) in the gills in ammoniotelic rainbow trout. However, the hyperventilatory response is abolished in trout...

... at the gills, many questions remain regarding the hydrodynamical basis of ventilation in teleost fishes. In this study, the hydrodynamic resistance and flow fields around the isolated gills of a tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus , were measured as a function of the applied pressure head. At ventilatory...

... No competing interests declared. 1 11 2012 6 3 2013 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 insect respiration tracheae ventilation caterpillar Insects breathe using a tracheal respiratory system. The tracheal system consists of a series of branching tubes...