...Paul Jerem; L. Michael Romero The acute stress response can be considered the primary evolutionary adaptation to maximise fitness in the face of unpredictable environmental challenges. However, the difficulties of assessing physiology in natural environments mean comparatively little is known about...

... stimulates both Haversian remodeling and bone formation in rabbit mandibles, providing evidence that the number of daily load cycles influences bony responses in the skull. Osteon Strain Stress Microdamage Mastication Bone Mandible National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039...

...Kirsty J. MacLeod; Sinead English; Suvi K. Ruuskanen; Barbara Taborsky ABSTRACT The social environment is one of the primary sources of challenging stimuli that can induce a stress response in animals. It comprises both short-term and stable interactions among conspecifics (including unrelated...

... and highlight the role of stressful stimuli in forming memories. Furthermore, we focus on the increasing evidence that invertebrates display some forms of emotions, which provides new opportunities for unveiling the neural and molecular mechanisms underlying the complex interaction between stress, emotions...

... physiology and oxidative stress have been implicated as important mediators of life-history trade-offs. The goal of this investigation was to uncover the physiological mechanisms responsible for the enhanced trade-off between self-maintenance and offspring investment when an animal is exposed to stressful...

...Danielle Mack; Andrew Yevugah; Kenneth Renner; Brian D. Burrell ABSTRACT Noxious stimuli can elicit stress in animals that produce a variety of adaptations including changes in responses to nociceptive and non-nociceptive sensory input. One example is stress-induced analgesia that may be mediated...

... performance for the northern clingfish, commercial suction cups and three biomimetic suction cups with disc rims of varying compliance. We found that all cups stick better on stiffer substrates and worse on more compliant ones, as indicated by peak stress values. On compliant substrates, surface roughness had...

... tolerance after an aquaculture-related stressor. Smolts were given a 24 h seawater tolerance test before and after exposure to an acute handling/confinement stress. RNA-Seq followed by differential expression and weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to quantify the transcriptional...

...) and 3.0 µm ( n =3 fibers total). Peak stress and steady-state stress were significantly greater ( P <0.0001) after stretching at 0.04 µm s −1 than at 0.015 µm s −1 . Furthermore, peak stresses and steady-state stresses increased non-linearly with fiber length ( P <0.0001). We conclude that active...

... Mathematical modeling Optimality models Phenotypic plasticity Stress National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 IOS 1557831 National Institutes of Health http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000002 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development...

.... However, in freshly collected outbred snails, the same heat stressor blocks LTM formation in ‘smart’ cognitive phenotype but not in average cognitive phenotype strains. Here, we hypothesize that (1) preventing the stress associated with the heat stressor before training allows LTM to form in the smart...

...Ulalume Hernández-Arciga; L. Gerardo Herrera M.; Mina Königsberg; Ricardo A. Valdez; José Juan Flores-Martínez; Marta C. Romano ABSTRACT One of the most common tools in conservation physiology is the assessment of environmental stress via glucocorticoid measurement. However, little is known of its...

...William A. Haney; Bushra Moussaoui; James A. Strother ABSTRACT Environmental stressors induce rapid physiological and behavioral shifts in vertebrate animals. However, the neurobiological mechanisms responsible for stress-induced changes in behavior are complex and not well understood. Similar...

... of thermoregulation can also be immense, yet our understanding of whether a stress response is sufficient to induce changes in thermoregulatory investment is limited. Using the black-capped chickadee as a model species, we tested a hypothesis that stress-induced changes in surface temperature ( T s ), a well...

... velocity and pennation angle change were greater during aquatic takeoffs than during terrestrial takeoffs because of the differences in knee motion. Nevertheless, we observed no significant differences in LG stress or work, but did see an increase in muscle power output during aquatic takeoffs. Because...

... of acute stress preceding a painful event can have an analgesic effect whereas the presence of chronic stress can result in hyperalgesia. While considerable research has been conducted on the ability of stress to modulate mammalian responses to pain, relatively little is known about fish...

.... In principle, we can reduce stress-induced declines in colony health by either removing the stressor or increasing the bees' tolerance to the stressor. This latter option requires a better understanding than we currently have of how honey bees respond to stress. Here, we investigated how octopamine, a stress...

...Jerker Vinterstare; Kaj Hulthén; P. Anders Nilsson; Helen Nilsson Sköld; Christer Brönmark ABSTRACT Most animals constitute potential prey and must respond appropriately to predator-mediated stress in order to survive. Numerous prey also adaptively tailor their response to the prevailing level...

... of ectotherms, including crustaceans, terrestrial arthropods, amphibians, reptiles, and fish. In addition to its well-defined role in enhancing survival to extreme cold, RCH also protects against nonlethal cold injury by preserving essential functions following cold stress, such as locomotion, reproduction...

...) on captive house sparrows in order to investigate the consequences of short-term dehydration on baseline and stress-induced corticosterone levels. As expected, water-deprived birds displayed higher plasma osmolality and haematocrit. Additionally, water-deprived birds had lower defecation rates, suggesting...