...-evasive prey using an S -start, the clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris feeds on highly evasive calanoid copepods from a J -shaped position, beginning 1 day post-hatch (dph). We quantified this unique strike posture by observing successful predatory interactions between larval clownfish (1 to 14 dph) and three...

...Julie E. Schriefer; Melina E. Hale SUMMARY S-starts are a major class of fast-start behaviors that serve diverse locomotor functions in fishes, playing roles in both feeding strike and escape startle events. While movement patterns are similar during strike and startle,their motor control...

... of startle, the fish bends into a C shape, while the S-start involves an S-shaped body bend. Although considerable research has focused on determining how the C-start is generated neurally, S-start neurobiology has not been examined. I quantify the kinematics and electromyographic patterns of the initial...

...Igor L. Y. Spierts; Johan L. Van Leeuwen ABSTRACT An analysis is presented of body curvature, acceleration and muscle strain during fast-starts in the common carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.). C- and S-starts were filmed at 200 frames s −1 at 23 °C. Curvatures and accelerations of mid-body axes were...