...Zoe Dellaert; Hollie M. Putnam ABSTRACT As climate change increases the rate of environmental change and the frequency and intensity of disturbance events, selective forces intensify. However, given the complicated interplay between plasticity and selection for ecological – and thus evolutionary...

...Kyle A. Sirovy; Sandra M. Casas; Jerome F. La Peyre; Morgan W. Kelly ABSTRACT Eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica , are facing rapid environmental changes in the northern Gulf of Mexico and can respond to these changes via plasticity or evolution. Plastic responses can immediately buffer against...

... experience Plasticity Social isolation French Ministry of Higher Education and Research http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004562 Centre national de la recherche scientifique http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004794 Université Toulouse III Sociality represents...

... distal axonal stumps in vertebrates and invertebrates . Am. Zool. 28 , 1165 - 1179 . 10.1093/icb/28.4.1165 Bittner , G. D. and Baxter , D. A. ( 1991 ). Synaptic plasticity at crayfish neuromuscular junctions: facilitation and augmentation . Synapse 7 , 235 - 243 . 10.1002...

... in social status can be signalled to another conspecific, which responds at the level of gene expression in the brain and underpins behavioural plasticity in social status. An interesting point to note is that A. burtoni can undergo dynamic and fast transitions from dominant to subordinate and back again...

...Carlie A. Muir; Shawn R. Garner; Sashko Damjanovski; Bryan D. Neff ABSTRACT In many fishes, upper thermal tolerance is thought to be limited in part by the heart's ability to meet increased oxygen demands during periods of high temperature. Temperature-dependent plasticity within the cardiovascular...

... was able to easily distinguish several colours, including blue of both high and low saturation, from greys. The animals did show a decrease in performance over time in an artificially lit environment, indicating plasticity in colour discrimination ability. This rapid plasticity, most likely the result...

... environments. This study is one of few demonstrating potential intraspecific evolution of critical thermal limits in a vertebrate species. Multi-generation common garden experiments and genetic analyses would be required to further tease apart the relative contribution of plastic and genetic effects...

...Cécile Le Lann; Joan van Baaren; Bertanne Visser ABSTRACT The Earth's climate is changing at a rapid pace. To survive in increasingly fluctuating and unpredictable environments, species can either migrate or evolve through rapid local adaptation, plasticity and/or bet-hedging. For small ectotherm...

... are hypothesized to exhibit acclimatory metabolic compensation effects, decelerating their metabolic processes below Arrhenius expectations based on temperature alone. We tested the hypothesis that either heritable or plastic heat tolerance differences can be explained by metabolic compensation in the eurythermal...

... threats to biodiversity, affecting the survival, fitness and distribution of many species around the globe. Invasive species are often expected to have broad thermal tolerance, be highly plastic, or have high adaptive potential when faced with novel environments. Tropical island ectotherms are expected...

... groups of low-molecular weight cryoprotectants in intertidal invertebrates: osmolytes and anaerobic byproducts. In our study, we examined which group of candidate cryoprotectants correlate with plasticity in freeze tolerance in mussels using 1 H NMR metabolomics. We found that the freeze tolerance of M...

... sensitivity and plasticity of AS and swimming performance were tested at three test temperatures (28, 32, 36°C). The AS of 28°C-acclimated fish declined with increasing temperature, and the effect was more pronounced in nitrate-exposed individuals. In these fish, declines in AS corresponded with poorer...

... a reduction in glycogen stores yet increase flight activity without changing rates of glycogen depletion. Drosophila Energy Metabolism Obesity Plasticity Protein Glycogen is a critical store of energy for supplying the energetic demands of locomotion in many animals ( Hochachka, 1985...

... levels of performance across seasons not typically experienced within their native range. Thermal physiology plasticity may ameliorate the impacts of sub-optimal temperatures on performance without the cost of behavioral thermoregulation. Our work highlights the importance of utilizing reaction norms...

...; Robert J. Kittel; Tobias Langenhan; Bertram Gerber; Erich Buchner ABSTRACT The Sap47 gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a highly abundant 47 kDa synaptic vesicle-associated protein. Sap47 null mutants show defects in synaptic plasticity and larval olfactory associative learning but the molecular...

... for understanding the potential impact of anthropogenic noise on terrestrial invertebrates. Noise pollution Near-field sound Far-field sound Substrate-borne sound Biotremology Animal communication Masking Plasticity Constraints Behavior Anthropogenic acoustic noise (see Glossary) is widely...

... integrated into species distributional models for understanding climate change responses. However, TPCs may vary across traits because selection and environmental sensitivity (plasticity) differ across traits or because the timing and duration of the temperature exposure, here termed time scale, may alter...

... in social insects and considers the relationship between colony size and behavioural flexibility. Ant Group size Task specialisation Ontogeny Plasticity Across biological scales, variability in phenotypic traits has long been considered as noise, but it is now recognised as beneficial...

.... Neural circuits Neuroethology Robustness Plasticity Modularity Canalization Fifty-six years ago, Tinbergen's four questions challenged the field of animal behaviour to fully integrate four distinct categories of analysis: ontogeny (development), causation (physiological mechanisms), survival...