...Lewis G. Halsey; Gil Iosilevskii ABSTRACT Displays of maximum swimming speeds are rare in the laboratory and the wild, limiting our understanding of the top-end athletic capacities of aquatic vertebrates. However, jumps out of the water – exhibited by a diversity of fish and cetaceans – might...

...Konstantin Nadein; Oliver Betz ABSTRACT The present study analyses the anatomy, mechanics and functional morphology of the jumping apparatus, the performance and the kinematics of the natural jump of flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini). The kinematic parameters...

... jumping from a static start lose all of the energy imparted to compliant substrates and performance is reduced. Cuban tree frogs ( Osteopilus septentrionalis ) are particularly capable arboreal jumpers, and we hypothesized that these animals would be able to recover energy from perches of varying...

... This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed. Hunt Jump Owl Power...

... control, the specialized femur–tibia (knee) joints of cricket ( Acheta domesticus ) hindlegs were studied during ballistic kicking, jumping and swimming and in non-ballistic walking. In this joint the tendons of the antagonistic flexor and the extensor muscles attach at different distances from the pivot...

...Rob S. James; Carlos A. Navas; Anthony Herrel SUMMARY Jumping is an important locomotor behaviour used by many animals. The power required to perform a jump is supplied by skeletal muscle. The mechanical properties of skeletal muscle, including the power it can produce, are determined by its...

...Malcolm Burrows; Oliver Morris SUMMARY Bush crickets have long, thin hind legs but jump and kick rapidly. The mechanisms underlying these fast movements were analysed by correlating the activity of femoral muscles in a hind leg with the movements of the legs and body captured in high-speed images...

... of the complete behaviour pattern, is not affected. * e-mail: tj@st-and.ac.uk 14 07 1997 ©The Company of Biologists Limited 1997 Schistocerca gregaria grasshopper central pattern generator jump A key to understanding the neural mechanisms producing any highly...

...Eran Tauber; Jeffrey M. Camhi ABSTRACT The wind-evoked escape behavior of freely ranging crickets ( Gryllus bimaculatus ) was studied using high-speed video and film analysis. The escape response can be of three types: a turn, a jump or a turn + jump. Any of these can be followed by running...

...Alex P. Norman ABSTRACT The hind, or metathoracic, leg of a locust is specialised, enabling it to store energy that is used to extend the tibia rapidly during kicking and jumping; behaviours which share a common motor pattern. This study describes developmental changes in kicking and jumping...

...James R. Trimarchi; Anne M. Schneiderman ABSTRACT To determine the role played by the giant fiber interneurons (GFs) in coordinating the jumping stages of visually elicited and olfactory-induced flight initiation we have recorded extracellularly from the cervical connective nerve during flight...

... kick jump proprioceptive gate The locust jumps and kicks by the rapid extension of its metathoracic tibiae. This powerful movement requires a three-stage motor programme for each leg ( Godden, 1975 ; Heitler & Burrows, 1977a ). First, the locust flexes the meta-thoracic tibia...

... kicks in this extensively dissected preparation was similar to that seen during a jump. Intracellular recordings from hindleg flexor and extensor motoneurones and from 13 identified interneurones revealed additional features of the motor programme for jumping and kicking and of the mechanism which...