... by β-adrenergic sodium-proton exchangers (β-NHE) that protect pH-sensitive haemoglobin–oxygen (Hb–O 2 ) binding during an acidosis. In an open system that mimics the gills, β-NHE activity increased Hb–O 2 saturation during a respiratory acidosis in the presence or absence of paCA, whereas the effect...

...Ion Udroiu ABSTRACT In the past century, several authors have investigated the allometry of haematological parameters in mammals. As haematocrit and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration are almost constant within the Mammalia (although with notable exceptions), differences in other haematological...

... at the gills occurs at the environmental temperature at which the individual is found, but O 2 offloading will occur at different temperatures in different tissues. While several regionally heterothermic fishes (e.g. billfishes, tunas and sharks) show a reduced temperature effect on haemoglobin (Hb)–O 2...

... consumption rate, blood O 2 saturation, haematocrit (Hct) and blood haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. We calculated O 2 pulse (the product of stroke volume and the arterial–venous O 2 content difference), blood O 2 concentration and heart rate variability. Regardless of altitude, all eight populations...

... in the eastern Beaufort Sea. Muscle myoglobin concentrations averaged 77.9 mg g −1 , one of the highest values reported among mammals. Importantly, blood haematocrit, haemoglobin and muscle myoglobin concentrations correlated positively to indices of body condition, including maximum half-girth to length ratios...

... compared with their close relatives. This finding suggests that improvements in S aO 2 in hypoxia can require increases in both breathing and haemoglobin–O 2 affinity, because the yellow-billed pintail was the only high-altitude duck with concurrent increases in both traits compared with its low-altitude...

..., the European starling ( Sturnus vulgaris ). We show that changes in haematocrit, body mass and wing length are independent of year and brood quality, while changes in haemoglobin concentration are higher in low-quality broods. Moreover, we also identify higher oxidative stress in low-quality year and second...

... characteristic absorbance spectra for haemolymph containing haemocyanin with an oxygenation-dependent peak at 347 nm ( O. vulgaris ; Fig. 1A ), and multiple responsive peaks at 540, 575, 412 and 335 nm for oxygenated haemoglobin-bearing blood and at 553, 427 and 366 nm for deoxygenated haemoglobin-bearing blood...

... and potential interactions upon exposure to a progressive low-O 2 stimulus preconditioning Sparidae oxygen affinity metabolism swimming activity haemoglobin mitochondria respiration The prevalence of low oxygen (environmental hypoxia) has increased in coastal regions ( Diaz...

... found for other vertebrates, despite very high measured thiol content. Fe-nitrosyl and N- nitroso compounds were present at high micromolar levels under normoxia and increased further after anoxia and reoxygenation, suggesting NO generation from nitrite catalysed by deoxygenated haemoglobin, which...

... sharks had a consistently higher and C a O 2 than shovelnose rays, probably due to their significantly greater in vivo haemoglobin (Hb)–O 2 binding affinity ( in vivo Hb–O 2 P 50 =4.27±0.57 kPa for epaulette sharks vs 6.35±0.34 kPa for shovelnose rays). However, at P w O 2 values representing the same...

... metabolic scope haemoglobin P crit Aquatic animals reside in environments characterised by low oxygen solubility and some face the continual threat of environmental hypoxia ( Graham, 1990 ). Metabolic demand for oxygen has therefore necessitated adequate functional designs that are challenged...

...; Table 2 , Fig. 2 ). * Author for correspondence ( jodierummer@gmail.com ) 14 4 2011 © 2011. 2011 combined Bohr-Root effect haemoglobin βNHE oxygen delivery carbonic anhydrase catecholamine isoproterenol short-circuiting A reduction in blood pH during blood...

...S. Moenickes; O. Richter; R. Pirow SUMMARY The planktonic crustacean Daphnia magna synthesizes haemoglobin (Hb) macromolecules of variant subunit composition and oxygen affinity. This is one of the strategies by which the animals cope with variations in environmental conditions such as ambient...

... in their ventral air-stores, but rapidly enter a protracted period of near-neutral buoyancy before becoming negatively buoyant. This dive profile is due to haemoglobin found in large tracheated cells in the abdomen. Fibre optic oxygen probes placed in the air-stores of submerged bugs revealed that oxygen partial...

...Pia Koldkjær; Michael Berenbrink SUMMARY Haemoglobin concentrations in vertebrate red blood cells are so high that in human sickle cell disease a single surface amino acid mutation can result in formation of large insoluble haemoglobin aggregates at low oxygen levels,causing peculiar cell...

... in both parameters were tightly correlated with O 2 consumption. The haemoglobin (Hb)-oxygen binding curve at 24.0°C showed pronounced downward and rightward shifts compared to 20.0°C and 7.0°C, indicating that both binding capacity and affinity decreased. Further, Hb levels were lower at 24.0°C than...

... 7 2005 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2005 2005 erythrocyte haemoglobin microcirculation nitrite nitric oxide vasodilation The isolated trout heart provides a useful model for studying mechanical aspects of heart contraction and humoral control mechanisms involved...

... morpho-physiological parameters relevant in oxygen transport and regulation. Hypoxia acclimation induced adjustments at the haemoglobin (Hb) and metabolic level (within 3 days) but none at the systemic level. The convective performance and oxygen-sensitive control of the ventilatory and circulatory...

... the respiratory surface area in response to temperature. Rather than being a graded change, the results suggest that the alteration of gill morphology is triggered at a given temperature. Oxygen-binding data reveal very high oxygen affinities of crucian carp haemoglobins, particularly at high pH and low...