... of the signal in question. We explored the structure and function of predator–prey signalling in the jumping spider–tephritid fly system, where the prey performs a wing waving display that deters an attack from the predator. Using a custom-built spider retinal tracker combined with visual modelling, as well...

.... Rebekka Bamert produced the fly illustrations in Figs 2 and 3 . Author contributions Conceptualization: K.A.D., J.L.F.; Methodology: K.A.D., J.L.F.; Software: K.A.D., J.L.F.; Formal analysis: K.A.D., J.L.F.; Investigation: K.A.D.; Resources: J.L.F.; Writing - original draft: J.L.F.; Writing...

...Satoshi Murata; Axel Brockmann; Teiichi Tanimura ABSTRACT Foraging behavior is essential for all organisms to find food containing nutritional chemicals. A hungry Drosophila melanogaster fly performs local searching behavior after drinking a small amount of sugar solution. Using video tracking, we...

... in nature, offering clues about orientation, altitude and, for humans, distance to objects. We set out to determine whether flying fruit flies treat moving features as farther off when they are near the horizon. Tethered flies respond strongly to moving images they perceive as close. We measured...

... carcinine, releasing histamine and β-alanine. In Drosophila , β-alanine synthesis occurs either from uracil or from the decarboxylation of aspartate but detailed roles for the enzymes responsible remain unclear. Immunohistochemically detected β-alanine is present throughout the fly’s entire brain...

...Jamie C. Theobald; Dario L. Ringach; Mark A. Frye SUMMARY For a small flying insect, correcting unplanned course perturbations is essential for navigating through the world. Visual course control relies on estimating optic flow patterns which, in flies, are encoded by interneurons of the third...

... are the evolutionarily transformed hindwings of flies. They oscillate when the animals walk or fly. LPTCs mediate, amongst other behaviours, head optomotor responses. These are either of large or small amplitude depending on the state of motor activity. Here we find that LPTC responses also depend on the motor activity...

...David Lentink; Michael H. Dickinson SUMMARY Organisms that swim or fly with fins or wings physically interact with the surrounding water and air. The interactions are governed by the morphology and kinematics of the locomotory system that form boundary conditions to the Navier–Stokes (NS) equations...

...T. Eimüller; P. Guttmann; S. N. Gorb SUMMARY For the first time, the terminal elements (spatulae) of setal (hairy)attachment devices of the beetle Gastrophysa viridula (Coleoptera,Chrysomelidae) and the fly Lucilia caesar (Diptera, Calliphoridae)were studied using transmission X-ray microscopy...

... 2004 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 trapping function insect insect attachment smooth/hairy attachment fly Calliphora vicina bug Pyrrhocoris apterus profile elasticity Young's modulus adhesion tenacity surface free energy claw interlocking adhesive pad...

... conditions the edge of a dark region was not especially attractive and flies headed towards any point in the dark area. These observations can be accounted for by assuming that the fly walks towards the darkest region in its visual field (scototaxis). In bright conditions the edges of a dark region become...

... of adaptation to the evolution of the brain as a whole. Can adaptation bring about useful changes at higher levels or does it only act at the periphery where the processing is simpler and the constraints more obvious? A higher-order movement-detecting cell in the fly lobula plate, Hl, demonstrates...

...-thiazolylethylamine, suggested the presence of a second, distinct class of histamine receptor. 26 4 1988 © 1988 by Company of Biologists 1988 histamine receptors insect fly visual system. Recently, substantial evidence has accumulated indicating that histamine may be the major...