... Summary: Decoupling of muscle and joint kinematics in kangaroo rat lateral gastrocnemius muscles allows for a longer period of shortening near optimal velocities, which enables the muscle to sustain maximal power generation during jumping. Muscle strain Electromyography EMG Muscle function...

... between antagonistic muscles likely acts to stiffen the fin system in order to enhance control and stability. EMG Fish Propulsion Motor control Sensory feedback Transection The pectoral fins of fishes perform dual and interacting roles as motors and sensors. As motors, the pectoral fins...

... electromyography. Summary: The quality of surface electromyography recordings can be automatically classified with an accuracy of 99.55% by a deep neural network (AlexNet). EMG Artificial neural network Muscle excitation Surface electromyography (sEMG) is a non-invasive method for recording...

... or (2) increasing jump height. Electromyography (EMG) and ultrasound analyses were performed to examine muscle activation, fascicle length and fascicle velocity changes of the triceps surae during jumping. Integrated EMG was significantly higher in the added mass paradigm with no difference in mean...

... is established in five different primate species. Motor pattern Motor synergy Chewing EMG Motor patterns are cyclic or ‘repeating sequence(s) of motor neuron activity produced during an actual or fictive motor act’ ( Binder et al., 2009 ). Cyclic chewing behavior is characterized primitively...

...://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: Novel muscle arrangements and leverage patterns associated with derived fusion of the pelvis to the shell in pleurodire turtles are associated with several novel muscle activity patterns in this lineage. Locomotion Biomechanics Leverage EMG Turtle...

... system throughout overwintering. Fig. 3. Baseline EMG activity of respiratory muscles does not change during cold-submergence. (A) Raw (top) and integrated (bottom) EMG activity of the m. intermandibularis at 20°C (left) and after 5 days at 2°C (right). Asterisks indicate truncated lung activity...

.../rspb.2011.1435 Marsh , R. L. ( 1994 ). Jumping ability of anuran amphibians . Adv. Vet. Sci. Comp. Med.   38 , 51 - 111 . McKinley , P. A. and Smith , J. L. ( 1983 ). Visual and vestibular contributions to prelanding EMG during jump-downs in cats . Exp. Brain Res.   52...

... the manuscript. Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests. 8 9 2014 25 11 2014 © 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2015 EMG Pre-activation Gastrocnemius Force feedback Uneven ground While running, humans must...

... Biomechanics EMG Lungfish Functional subdivision The tetrapod-like walking and bounding gaits of the African lungfish Protopterus annectens (Owen 1839) involve rotational movement of the pelvic limb around its hip joint ( King et al., 2011 ) ( Fig. 1 ). Rotation around the joint between the femur...

... of the sandfish during walking, burial and swimming, here we use high-speed X-ray and visible light imaging with synchronized electromyogram (EMG) recordings of epaxial muscle activity. While moving on the surface, body undulation was not observed and EMG showed no muscle activation. During subsurface sand...

.... Experiments were performed with the hind legs, and only some electromyograms (EMGs) were additionally performed with the front legs. The legs were cut off the beetles, which were previously fixed in Bouin's solution (picric acid 0.9%, formaldehyde 9%, acetic acid 5%) for 24–96 h and stored in 70...

.... Data are normalized to the swing (–99 to 0%) and stance (1 to 100%) phases of each stride. EMG activation patterns for two flexor and two extensor muscles that actuate this joint (BIC, BRAC, TRILAT and TRILONG) are shown in the panels below. Note that all of the muscles shown in Fig. 6 , except LDE...

... for correspondence ( sdeban@usf.edu ) 19 10 2011 © 2012. 2012 electromyography EMG Canis locomotion symmetrical gait asymmetrical gait The extrinsic limb muscles are crucial functional components for locomotion in quadrupedal mammals. These muscles span the proximal fulcra...

... postures during walking in primates entails minimal use of anti-gravity muscles, this study examined electromyography (EMG) patterns in both the wrist and finger flexor muscles in facultatively digitigrade olive baboons ( Papio anubis ) across a range of speeds. The results demonstrate that baboons can...

...). Fig. 5. Representative kinematic profiles, sound waveforms and rectified EMGs from the forcepsfish, which show timing of muscle activity, sound emission and cranial elevation. (A) Example from a 117 mm (standard length, SL) individual in which EMG recording electrodes were placed in the anterior...

... was synchronized to high-speed video to determine body movement associated with sound generation. In addition, electromyography (EMG) recordings tested the activity of six candidate muscles. Fish produced individual pulses with a mean peak frequency of 97 Hz in rapid succession. EMG experiments show that anterior...

...? We addressed this question by quantifying forelimb kinematics and muscle activity during aquatic and terrestrial locomotion in a generalized freshwater turtle, the red-eared slider ( Trachemys scripta ), using digital high-speed video and electromyography (EMG). Comparisons of our forelimb data...

... of a parasagittal limb posture and greater sagittal mobility. * Author for correspondence ( nadja.schilling@uni-jena.de ) 24 1 2010 © 2010. 2010 back muscles EMG Canis trunk symmetrical gaits asymmetrical gaits The axial musculoskeletal system represents the ancestral engine...

... dynamometer. Cadence and load were varied to span a range of power outputs and myoelectric activity was measured from 10 muscles in the leg. Cycle-by-cycle variations in muscle coordination, cadence and power output were observed and the EMG intensity across all muscles was used as an estimate...