... to progressive decreases in inspired oxygen levels of bar-headed geese ( Anser indicus ), birds that biannually migrate across the Himalayan mountains, with those of Andean geese ( Chloephaga melanoptera ) and crested ducks ( Lophonetta specularioides ), lifelong residents of the high Andes. We show that Andean...

...-dimensionally complex and not visible externally. Here we use a new in vivo X-ray motion analysis technique, X-ray reconstruction of moving morphology (XROMM), to create precise (±0.06 mm) 3-D animations of the quadrate, braincase, upper bill and mandible of three mallard ducks, Anas platyrhynchos . We defined...

...R. M. BEVAN; P. J. BUTLER Six tufted ducks were trained to dive for food at summer temperatures (air, 26°C, water, 23°C) and at winter temperatures (air, 5.8°C, water 7.4°C). The mean resting oxygen consumption (V o o2 ) a t winter temperatures (rwin) was 90% higher than that at summer temperatures...

...A.J. WOAKES; P.J. BUTLER Respiratory, and some cardiovascular and metabolic, variables were measured in tufted ducks swimming at different velocities. There were no substantial changes in any of the measured variables up to a swimming speed of 0.5 m s −1 . Above this speed there were progressive...