.... Although the dominant role of CHCs in reducing cuticle water permeability is well accepted, it is also worth noting that melanization of the procuticle may increase resistance to water loss in some species ( King and Sinclair, 2015 ; Rajpurohit et al., 2008 ). Many studies have indicated the dynamic...

... symbioses for the hosts’ defence against natural enemies remain largely unstudied. Here, we investigated whether the cuticle-enhancing nutritional symbiosis of the saw-toothed grain beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis confers protection against predation and fungal infection. We exposed age-defined symbiotic...

... in the phase of CaCO 3 . Biomineralization Climate change Cuticle Calcite Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) Crustacea Decapod crustaceans possess a multifunctional exoskeleton, which serves roles in feeding, defense, desiccation resistance and muscle attachment ( Meyers et al., 2013...

... conditions the role of water-repellent cuticle structures in oxygen supply in caterpillars of M. castrensis submerged in water. For this purpose, air-layer stability tests using force measurements, and micromorphology of cuticle structures using SEM and fluorescence microscopy, were performed. A plastron...

.... Collision Wear Tear Area loss Fracture Flight Cuticle Insects are the most diverse animal taxon on Earth, in terms of both the number of species and the number of individuals ( Misof et al., 2014 ). The number of described insect species exceeds 1 million ( May, 1988 ), which is greater than...

... of their exoskeleton ( Aberle et al., 2017 ). Usually, dead insects desiccate rapidly, which affects the biomechanical properties of the cuticle ( Dirks and Taylor, 2012 ). Previous studies, however, have shown that freezing insect cuticle significantly affects neither its static nor its dynamic biomechanical...

... respiratory function. They also have a lower metabolic rate than other insects. O 2 boundary layers surrounding the beetles are present, indicating that O 2 diffuses into the surface of their bodies via cutaneous respiration. Cuticle thickness measurements and other experimental results were incorporated...

... may limit body size, especially if the integument also functions in support or locomotion. Pycnogonids, or sea spiders, are marine arthropods that lack gills and rely on cutaneous respiration but still grow to large sizes. Their cuticle contains pores, which may play a role in gas exchange. Here, we...

... preventing buckling of the tibia. This study, providing the first quantitative data on changes in the biomechanical properties of cuticle during the entire life of an insect, is expected to shed more light on the structure–property–function relationship in this complex biological composite. A remarkable...

... License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed. Finite element simulation Cuticle Adhesion Stick insects Arolium Carausius morosus Many insects...

.... and S.N.G. wrote the paper. Competing interests The authors declare no competing financial interests. 3 7 2013 16 9 2013 © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Locomotion Adhesion Friction Claw tuft Scopula Cuticle Arthropoda Arachnida Cupiennius...

... chitinous organic matrix, constructed as sclerotized chitin–protein microfibrils within which calcium carbonate is deposited. Although gastroliths share many characteristics with the exoskeleton, they are simpler in structure and relatively homogeneous in composition, making them an excellent cuticle-like...

...Jan-Henning Dirks; David Taylor SUMMARY Insect cuticle is one of the most common biological materials, yet very little is known about its mechanical properties. Many parts of the insect exoskeleton, such as the jumping legs of locusts, have to withstand high and repeated loading without failure...

... that the difference in force reduction on rough substrata depends on the dimensions of terminal contact elements (spatulae). * Author for correspondence ( sgorb@zoologie.uni-kiel.de ) 6 10 2011 © 2012. 2012 attachment adhesion friction biomechanics cuticle microstructure Arthropoda...

... nematodes where it forms an oil that adheres to the coverslip and to adjacent nematodes. The oily material leaves impressions on the coverslip (cuticle prints) after the nematode has detached upon rehydration. The presence of the surface lipid was confirmed using attenuated total reflection infrared...

... roridulae lives and walks on this sticky plant surface without being trapped. We have sought to reveal the mechanism underlying the apparent non-sticky nature of the cuticle of this bug. In this study, we have visualized intact plant and insect surfaces using cryo-scanning electron microscopy and measured...

...Jennifer R. A. Taylor; Jack Hebrank; William M. Kier SUMMARY Molting in crustaceans involves significant changes in the structure and function of the exoskeleton as the old cuticle is shed and a new one is secreted. The flimsy new cuticle takes several days to harden and during this time crabs rely...

...@mf.mpg.de ) 3 6 2004 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 friction adhesion cuticle pulvilli attachment Insecta Coreus marginatus Many insects bear leg attachment pads that have an excellent ability to adhere to a smooth surface. There are two alternative designs...

...Hans Merzendorfer; Lars Zimoch SUMMARY Chitin is one of the most important biopolymers in nature. It is mainly produced by fungi, arthropods and nematodes. In insects, it functions as scaffold material, supporting the cuticles of the epidermis and trachea as well as the peritrophic matrices lining...

...Fabrice Savarit; Jean-François Ferveur SUMMARY Hydrocarbons on the cuticle of mature Drosophila melanogaster flies play a crucial role in mate recognition, and protect against dehydration. We measured the effect of temperature on mature cuticular hydrocarbons (CHs) by (i) rearing two control...