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Keywords: Cold-hardiness
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Journal Articles

Cold-hardening during long-term acclimation in a freeze-tolerant woolly bear caterpillar, Pyrrharctia isabella

Shu-Xia Yi, Richard E. Lee, Jr
Journal: Journal of Experimental Biology
J Exp Biol (2016) 219 (1): 17–25.
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.124875
Published: 1 January 2016
... freezing at −20°C. Cold-hardening markedly increased hemolymph osmolality, as well as hemolymph levels of free proline, total amino acids and proteins. Cold-hardiness Cholesterol Free amino acids Proline Glycerol Cryoprotection Many temperate and polar insects avoid chilling and freezing...
View article titled, Cold-hardening during long-term acclimation in a freeze-tolerant woolly bear caterpillar, Pyrrharctia isabella
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Journal Articles

Osmoregulation and salinity tolerance in the Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica : seawater exposure confers enhanced tolerance to freezing and dehydration

Michael A. Elnitsky, Joshua B. Benoit, Giancarlo Lopez-Martinez, David L. Denlinger, Richard E. Lee, Jr
Journal: Journal of Experimental Biology
J Exp Biol (2009) 212 (17): 2864–2871.
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.034173
Published: 1 September 2009
... and cold hardiness in the Arctic collembolan Onychiurus arcticus Tullberg 1876. J. Comp. Physiol. B 168 , 197 -203. Holmstrup, M., Costanzo, J. P. and Lee, R. E. ( 1999 ). Cryoprotective and osmotic responses to cold acclimation and freezing in freeze-tolerant and freeze-intolerant earthworms. J...
View article titled, Osmoregulation and salinity tolerance in the Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica : seawater exposure confers enhanced tolerance to freezing and dehydration
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Journal Articles

Extreme resistance to desiccation and microclimate-related differences in cold-hardiness of gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) overwintering on roses in southern Canada

Jason B. Williams, Joseph D. Shorthouse, Richard E. Lee, Jr
Journal: Journal of Experimental Biology
J Exp Biol (2002) 205 (14): 2115–2124.
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.14.2115
Published: 15 July 2002
...Jason B. Williams; Joseph D. Shorthouse; Richard E. Lee, Jr SUMMARY Four species of cynipid wasp of the genus Diplolepis that induce galls on roses ( Rosa species) in southern Canada and two species of inquiline cynipid associated with these galls were studied for their cold-hardiness...
View article titled, Extreme resistance to desiccation and microclimate-related differences in <span class="search-highlight">cold</span>-<span class="search-highlight">hardiness</span> of gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) overwintering on roses in southern Canada
Open the PDF for Extreme resistance to desiccation and microclimate-related differences in <span class="search-highlight">cold</span>-<span class="search-highlight">hardiness</span> of gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) overwintering on roses in southern Canada in another window