...Maxence Gérard; Marie Guiraud; Bérénice Cariou; Maxime Henrion; Emily Baird ABSTRACT The impact of global warming on wild bee decline threatens the pollination services they provide. Exposure to temperatures above optimal during development is known to reduce adult body size but how it affects...

.... Metabolic scaling Body size Temperature Global warming Species distribution Thermal tolerance Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca Universita del Salento (DiSTeBA) Interreg CASCADE 10255941 Climate change has altered ecological rates by shifting...

... animals. Free from the need to maintain dynamic similarity (because their locomotion is dominated by friction rather than inertia), limbless species may have greater freedom to modulate speed independently of body size. Path analysis supported: (1) a hypothesized relationship between body width...

... Oryzias species and strains we report a rapid diversification of the lateral line system within this genus. We show a strong dependence of lateral line elaboration (number of neuromasts per cluster, number of parallel lateral lines) on adult species body size irrespective of phylogenetic relationships...

...Aleksandra Walczyńska; Mateusz Sobczyk ABSTRACT We united theoretical predictions of the factors responsible for the evolutionary significance of the temperature–size rule (TSR). We assumed that (i) the TSR is a response to temperature-dependent oxic conditions, (ii) body size decrease...

... development affect adult body size, suggesting that some aspects of the adult phenotype are decoupled from previous life stages and others are not. Our data demonstrate that life stages mount different responses to temperature variability and uniquely contribute to the adult phenotype. These findings...

... of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta L . J. Insect Physiol.   28 , 129 - 135 . 10.1016/0022-1910(82)90120-2 D'Amico , L. J. , Davidowitz , G. and Nijhout , H. F. ( 2001 ). The developmental and physiological basis of body size evolution in an insect . Proc. Royal Soc. London B Biol...

... to improved escape performance, irrespective of performance temperature, possibly owing to developmental effects of high temperature on muscle development and/or anaerobic metabolism. Continued exposure to elevated temperature for 108 days caused a reduction in body size compared with the control...

.... Importantly, the superior thermal performance of flies raised at 25°C is apparent even after taking two traits positively associated with reproductive output into account: body size and ovariole number. Thus, in D. melanogaster , development at a given temperature does not necessarily provide any advantage...

... variance in how size-specific MR changed with temperature (i.e. a G×E interaction). Both these results support other studies that have found significant genetic variance in MR after controlling for body size (e.g. Bouchard et al., 1989 ; Dohm et al., 2001 ; Yashchenko et al., 2016 ; Pettersen et al...

... limited in scope and do not account for varying strategies based on body size or phylogeny. Here, we test the hypothesis that the spatiotemporal gait characteristics that are used during horizontal walking in primates are also present during vertical climbing irrespective of body size and phylogeny. We...

... . 10.1017/S1464793105006834 Glazier , D. S. ( 2008 ). Effects of metabolic level on the body size scaling of metabolic rate in birds and mammals . Proc. R. Soc. B   275 , 1405 - 1410 . 10.1098/rspb.2008.0118 Glazier , D. S. ( 2009 ). Activity affects intraspecific body-size...

...Nicholas B. Pollock; Stephanie Feigin; Marko Drazenovic; Henry B. John-Alder ABSTRACT Sexual differences in adult body size [sexual size dimorphism (SSD)] and color (sexual dichromatism) are widespread, and both male- and female-biased dimorphisms are observed even among closely related species...

... and evolution. Body size Evolutionary developmental biology Formicidae Intercaste Phenotypic plasticity Polyphenism Many insect species, such as locusts and dung beetles, display morphological polyphenisms ( Simpson et al., 2011 ; Hartfelder and Emlen, 2012 ). Perhaps the most elaborate...

... size. There was no trade-off between egg number and size. However, female body size was related to post-oviposition survival, with larger females surviving longer after oviposition than smaller females. In addition, females that produced more eggs died faster after oviposition in X. ramesis...

... and Llaurens, 2005 ) and planarians ( Romero and Baguna, 1991 ). In our experiment, small flies produced small wings composed of small cells. Because higher temperatures caused smaller body sizes, the thermal plasticity of cell size was partly coupled with the thermal plasticity of body size. Thermal...

...Amy L. Moran; H. Arthur Woods Summary Beginning with the earliest expeditions to the poles, over 100 years ago, scientists have compiled an impressive list of polar taxa whose body sizes are unusually large. This phenomenon has become known as ‘polar gigantism’. In the intervening years, biologists...

... oxygen consumption and heart rate across a range of body sizes and temperatures. Metabolic rate scaled positively and heart rate negatively with body size, but neither scaled linearly. The response of these two variables to temperature was similar. This correlated response to endogenous (body mass...

... upon emergence and body size of the flea offspring were measured. It was predicted that offspring of fleas produced by parents that fed on male hosts (i) will survive better as pre-imago, (ii) will develop faster, (iii) will live longer under starvation after emergence and (iv) will be larger than...

... a proximate cause to the post-colonisation erosion of developmental plasticity recorded in tiger snake populations. * Author for correspondence ( aubret@dr14.cnrs.fr ) 8 12 2009 © 2010. 2010 phenotypic plasticity cost body size swallowing prey snake Phenotypically plastic...