... constitutive expression of the antimicrobial peptide attacin-1 but reduced attacin-1 expression in response to an immune challenge. These results best fit the immune reconfiguration hypothesis, although the other hypotheses are also consistent with some results. Interpreting stress-related changes in immune...

... gene expression via the toll receptor (spätzle; An et al., 2010 ; Zhong et al., 2012 ), antimicrobial molecules (attacin and lysozyme), an antioxidant [glutathione (GSH)], and parts of the phenoloxidase (PO) cascade, including an activator [prophenoloxidase activating proteinase-3 (PAP-3...