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Close ModalCover: Fan worms (Annelida: Sabellidae) can rapidly withdraw their tentacles, which are covered in heavily ciliated ramifications called pinnules, into their tubes to protect them from approaching threats. Jiang et al. (jeb245731 ) show that, in order to achieve these rapid, forceful movements through seawater without damaging their tentacles, fan worms have developed functional morphological adaptations to reduce fluidic drag, including the flattening of their radiolar pinnules and the deformation of bodily segmental ridges. Photo credit (Sabellastarte sp.): Michael J. Bok.
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INSIDE JEB
OUTSIDE JEB
CONVERSATION
REVIEWS
Adaptive echolocation behavior of bats and toothed whales in dynamic soundscapes
Summary: This Review compares echolocation in bats and toothed whales, with special emphasis on predator–prey interactions and adaptive sonar behaviors used to negotiate complex natural scenes.
Effects of wing damage and moult gaps on vertebrate flight performance
Summary: The flight apparatus (wings, flight muscles, neuro-muscular control) of vertebrates is fine-tuned for efficient flight. I review causes and consequences of wear, damage and moult gaps that temporarily affect wing morphology and flight performance.
SHORT COMMUNICATION
Close encounters of three kinds: impacts of leg, wing and body collisions on flight performance in carpenter bees
Summary: Flying insects frequently collide with obstacles when navigating dense clutter, but the performance consequences of collisions depend on which parts of the insect (e.g. leg, wing, body) are involved.
RESEARCH ARTICLES
Hawkmoths regulate flight torques with their abdomen for yaw control
Summary: Quantitative analysis of flight behavior, modeling and numerical simulation shows that the abdomen of hawkmoths can regulate wing-generated flight torques about the vertical (yaw) axis.
Developmental environment has lasting effects on amphibian post-metamorphic behavior and thermal physiology
Climatic stressors during development have lasting impacts on the thermal physiology, performance and behavior of juvenile frogs post-metamorphosis, with implications for susceptibility to predators and pathogens in subsequent life stages.
Regulation of the swimming kinematics of lampreys Petromyzon marinus across changes in viscosity
Summary: Swimming lampreys largely compensate for changes in viscosity, maintaining similar kinematics over 20× changes in viscosity, suggesting that they use sensory feedback to regulate their body waveform.
Low production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species after anoxia and reoxygenation in turtle hearts
Low rates of mitochondrial O2·− production are responsible for lack of tissue damage upon reoxygenation after anoxia in turtles, likely owing to low succinate accumulation and low degradation of adenine nucleotides.
Rapid manoeuvre of fan worms (Annelida: Sabellidae) through tubes
To achieve rapid movements through seawater, fan worms have developed functional morphological adaptations to reduce fluidic drag, including the flattening of their pinnules and the deformation of bodily segmental ridges.
Sensorimotor control of swimming Polypterus senegalus is preserved during sensory deprivation conditions across altered environments
Summary: Lateral line and visual systems of Polypterus senegalus are not critical for responding to fluid viscosity but may be involved in a forward model of motor control to adjust locomotion.
Experimental reduction in blood oxygen-carrying capacity alters foraging behaviour in a colonial waterbird
Summary: Experimental reduction of blood oxygen-carrying capacity in incubating black-headed gulls results in fine-scale alterations in foraging behaviour, as birds with induced haemolytic anaemia perform fewer, but longer foraging trips.
ECR SPOTLIGHTS
New funding schemes for junior faculty staff
In celebration of our 100th anniversary, JEB has launched two new grants to support junior faculty staff working in animal comparative physiology and biomechanics who are within five years of setting up their first lab/research group. Check out our ECR Visiting Fellowships and Research Partnership Kickstart Travel Grants. First deadline for applications is 15 July 2023.
JEB@100: an interview with Monitoring Editor Sanjay Sane
Sanjay Sane tells us about his first experience of publishing with the journal and why he thinks JEB is going to play a key role in our understanding of the current climate crisis and its implications for biodiversity.
The Forest of Biologists
The Forest of Biologists is a biodiversity initiative created by The Company of Biologists, with support from the Woodland Trust. For every Research and Review article published in Journal of Experimental Biology a native tree is planted in a UK forest. In addition to this we are protecting and restoring ancient woodland and are dedicating these trees to our peer reviewers. Visit our virtual forest to learn more.
Celebrating 100 years of discovery
This Special Issue focuses on broad biological questions addressed through the lens of comparative biomechanics. Crosscutting through time, this series of Reviews, Commentaries and Research Articles addresses questions from the vantage points of the history of the field, today’s research, and the future of comparative biomechanics. Read the Editorial by Sheila Patek, Monica Daley and Sanjay Sane.
Centenary Review - Adaptive echolocation behavior
Cynthia F. Moss and colleagues Review the behaviours used by echolocating mammals to track and intercept moving prey, interrogate dynamic sonar scenes, and exploit visual and passive acoustic stimuli.
Crucial DNA at crux of insect wing size evolution
Keity Farfán-Pira and colleagues have revealed that a tiny region of regulatory DNA in the vestigial gene governs whether insect wings are large or small and has played a key role in the evolution of insect wing size.
