... various internal systems mediate downstream routing to different suborganellar compartments. The protein import system is proteolytically regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), enabling centralized control over the organellar proteome. In addition, the UPS targets a range of chloroplast...

... of the methionine transporter Mup1. Unlike methionine-induced Mup1 endocytosis, myriocin triggered Mup1 endocytosis that required the Rsp5 adaptor Art2, C-terminal lysine residues of Mup1 and the formation of K63-linked ubiquitin polymers. These findings reveal cellular adaptation to sphingolipid depletion...

...William R. Critchley; Gina A. Smith; Ian C. Zachary; Michael A. Harrison; Sreenivasan Ponnambalam ABSTRACT Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2, encoded by KDR ) regulates endothelial function and angiogenesis. VEGFR2 undergoes ubiquitination that programs this receptor...

... ubiquitin chains decorating septin-cage-entrapped Shigella . Remarkably, septins and K63 chains are present in separate bacterial microdomains, indicating they are recruited separately during antibacterial autophagy. Cryo-SXT and live-cell imaging revealed an interaction between septins and LC3B-positive...

... on reversible post-translational modifications (PTMs) with ubiquitin (Ub) and ubiquitin-like (Ubl) proteins. The cycle of conjugation, recognition and removal of different Ub- and Ubl-modified states informs cellular protein stability and behavior at spatial and temporal resolution and is thus well suited...

... ). β-catenin is a target for the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway . EMBO J. 16 , 3797 - 3804 . 10.1093/emboj/16.13.3797 Angers , S. , Thorpe , C. J. , Biechele , T. L. , Goldenberg , S. J. , Zheng , N. , Maccoss , M. J. and Moon , R. T. ( 2006 ). The KLHL12...

..., relieving inhibition of Smo. Smo then concentrates in cilia, becomes activated and activates downstream signaling. Loss of the ubiquitin E3 ligase Arih2 elevates basal Hedgehog signaling, elevates the cellular level of Smo and increases basal levels of ciliary Smo. Mice express two isoforms of Arih2...

... pathways, such as sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling, during embryonic development. Our recent studies have shown that loss of GID ubiquitin ligase function results in aberrant AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and elongated primary cilia, which suggests a functional connection to cilia. Here, we...

...Jianhui Li; Mark Hochstrasser ABSTRACT The proteasome is central to proteolysis by the ubiquitin-proteasome system under normal growth conditions but is itself degraded through macroautophagy under nutrient stress. A recently described AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-regulated endosomal sorting...

...Thomas Tischer; Jing Yang; David Barford ABSTRACT The control of protein abundance is a fundamental regulatory mechanism during mitosis. The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is the main protein ubiquitin ligase responsible for the temporal regulation of mitotic progression. It has been...

... for degradation. Loss of p97-UBXN1 inhibits aggresome formation and disposal of Huntingtin inclusion bodies. Ubiquitin Aggresome Aggregate PolyQ Inclusion body Proteasome The process of protein translation, folding and targeting to subcellular compartments is intrinsically error-prone...

... of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Here, we demonstrate that the SUMO-dependent recruitment of the deubiquitylating enzyme ataxin-3 to DSBs, unlike recruitment of the ubiquitin ligase RNF4, additionally depends on poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1)-mediated poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation...

... distinct chaperone that forms a tripartite complex with PBAC1 and PBAC2 to promote assembly of the 20S proteasome α-ring in Arabidopsis . Arabidopsis Chaperone Core protease Degradation Evolution Proteasome Proteolysis Proteostasis Regulatory particle Ubiquitin National...

... for recruitment of Sla1 to the membrane. Interestingly, a Sla1 fragment containing just the third SH3 domain, which binds ubiquitin, and the SHD1 domain displayed broad surface localization, suggesting plasma membrane recruitment is mediated by interaction with both NPFxD-containing and ubiquitylated plasma...

... substantial progress in the field, a long-standing question remains: given that all ubiquitin units are identical, how do different elements of the sorting machinery recognize their specific cargoes? Our results indicate that the yeast Na + pump Ena1 is an epsin (Ent1 and Ent2 in yeast)-specific cargo...

...Annette Aichem; Marcus Groettrup ABSTRACT Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-F adjacent transcript 10 (FAT10) also called ubiquitin D (UBD) is a member of the ubiquitin-like modifier (ULM) family. The FAT10 gene is localized in the MHC class I locus and FAT10 protein expression is mainly restricted...

... throughout the cytosol and serve as antigen storage sites synchronising DC maturation and antigen presentation. Maturation of DCs is accompanied by the induction of the ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 (also known as UBD), which localises to aggresomes, structures that are similar to DALIS. FAT10 is conjugated...

... expressed at endogenous levels. We also show that it can be applied to decipher the topology of ubiquitin conjugates. Moreover, we assembled a genome-wide collection of yeast strains ready to investigate the ubiquitylation of proteins with this new assay. This resource will facilitate the analysis of local...

...-43-associated neurotoxicity. We demonstrate that Tnks-1/2 interacts with TDP-43 via a newly defined tankyrase-binding domain. Upon investigating the functional effect, we find that interaction with Tnks-1/2 inhibits the ubiquitination and proteasomal turnover of TDP-43, leading to its stabilization...

... mediates the budding of intralumenal vesicles (ILVs). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , ESCRT-III activity at endosomes is regulated through an unknown mechanism by Doa4, an ubiquitin hydrolase that deubiquitylates transmembrane proteins sorted into ILVs. We report that the non-catalytic N-terminus of Doa4...