... and peroxisomes. During ERS responses, mitochondrial respiration increases to ameliorate reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. We now show in yeast that peroxisome abundance also increases to promote an adaptive response. In pox1 Δ cells, which are defective in peroxisomal β-oxidation of fatty acids...

...) phenotype, increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), γ-H2AX and a senescence-associated gene expression signature, and has three stages of senescence –initiation, pseudo-senescence and permanent senescence. Ciprofloxacin withdrawal during initiation and pseudo-senescence reinitiated proliferation...

... that AKT-expressing cells dying in galactose also upregulated nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, a marker of sensitivity to oxidative stress. We therefore measured levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and discovered that galactose-induced ROS exclusively in cells expressing AKT. Furthermore, ROS were...

...-derived reactive oxygen species and the attenuation of reversible cytosolic translation through the oxidation of ribosomal proteins at their cysteine residues. We also discuss emerging concepts of how cellular mechanisms to stress are adapted, including the existence of alternative ribosomes and stress...

...Hiroyuki Sasakura; Hiroki Moribe; Masahiko Nakano; Kazuto Ikemoto; Kosei Takeuchi; Ikue Mori ABSTRACT Reactive oxygen species (ROS), originally characterized based on their harmful effects on cells or organisms, are now recognized as important signal molecules regulating various biological...

... of PHBs increases mitoflash frequency by up to 5.4-fold due to elevated basal reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the mitochondria. Mechanistically, PHB deficiency impairs the formation of mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes (RSCs) without altering the abundance of individual respiratory...

... of Hsc70 via Sp1, which leads to lower levels of Hsc70-mediated uncoating of clathrin-coated vesicles. Very long-chain ceramides Clathrin-mediated endocytosis Reactive oxygen species Sp1 Hsc70 The lipid composition of the plasma membrane plays a vital role in regulating clathrin-mediated...

... induced by DNA damage. Furthermore, ectopic expression of wild-type PRODH, but not enzymatically inactive forms, induced senescence associated with the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the accumulation of DNA damage. Treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a ROS scavenger, prevented senescence...

...Ilse Dingjan; Peter T. A. Linders; Luuk van den Bekerom; Maksim V. Baranov; Partho Halder; Martin ter Beest; Geert van den Bogaart ABSTRACT In dendritic cells, the NADPH oxidase 2 complex (NOX2) is recruited to the phagosomal membrane during antigen uptake. NOX2 produces reactive oxygen species...

... Reactive oxygen species Hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2 IKKα Sulfenylation EGF Nuclear de-repression HEK001 Oxidation During the early tissue formation stage of the cutaneous wound repair process, re-lining of wounds by basal keratinocytes restores an intact epidermal barrier ( Arwert et al...

...Linzhang Li; Jie Chen; Gaofeng Xiong; Daret K. St Clair; Wei Xu; Ren Xu; Andrew Ewald ABSTRACT Loss of epithelial cell polarity promotes cell invasion and cancer dissemination. Therefore, identification of factors that disrupt polarized acinar formation is crucial. Reactive oxygen species (ROS...

...Marija Vlaski-Lafarge; Zoran Ivanovic ABSTRACT Many studies have provided evidence for the crucial role of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the regulation of differentiation and/or self-renewal, and the balance between quiescence and proliferation...

...Raji R. Nair; Meisam Bagheri; Deepak Kumar Saini ABSTRACT Cells exposed to genotoxic stress induce cellular senescence through a DNA damage response (DDR) pathway regulated by ATM kinase and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we show that the regulatory roles for ATM kinase and ROS differ during...

... caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and that this phosphorylated MRS shows increased affinity for non-cognate tRNAs with lower affinity for tRNA Met , leading to an increase in Met residues in cellular proteins. The expression of a mutant MRS containing the substitutions S209D and S825D, mimicking...

... of dedicated protein disulfide isomerases with ER stress sensors, protein S-nitrosylation and ER Ca 2+ efflux that is promoted by reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, we discuss how cellular oxidant and antioxidant capacities are extensively remodeled downstream of UPR signals. Aside from activation of NADPH...

... of reactive oxygen species (ROS). There are two CALI approaches that use either transgenic tags with chemical photosensitizers, or genetically encoded fluorescent protein fusions. Using spatially restricted microscopy illumination, CALI can address questions regarding, for example, protein isoforms...

... membranes MAM Ryanodine receptor Uniporter Ca 2+ signalling reactive oxygen species ROS Isolated mitochondria are competent to produce energy on their own and are not particularly responsive to changes in their environment that mimic intracellular signals. These observations supported...

... that it promotes angiogenic responses in endothelial cells, although the underlying signalling mechanisms are unclear. Reactive oxygen species derived from NADPH oxidases are major signalling molecules in the vasculature. Because NOX2 is functional in endothelial cells, we investigated the role of the NOX2...

... of their function, and information comes almost exclusively from neural cells. In this study we show that in non-neural cells human MICALs are required for normal actin organization, and all three MICALs regulate actin stress fibers. Moreover, we provide evidence that the generation of reactive oxygen species...

...-stimulated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neutrophils. Significantly we found that this role of PLD is isoform specific: the absence of PLD2 does not negatively affect these processes. Contrary to expectation, other functions required for an efficient immune response operate effectively...